Goal and Self control Bold and italics are concepts that I predict Robert Smith will ask on the test A Goal setting Why do we set goal direct attention increase effort and interest perseverance increase planning judge satisfaction Goal motivation and progress have high motivation but will gradually wear out when closer to the finishing point people will have higher motivation goal gradient hypothesis U shaped curve When to set goal new start temporary landmark measure predictions Key of goal setting SMART i Specific implementation process goal intention specify endpoints implementation intention specify when where and how recognize opportunities and automate response ii Measurable Why Mere measurement effect measure predictions or intentions changes behavior iii Attainable iv Relevance How public commitment set personal goal extrinsic incentives What is the potential problem of extrinsic incentives v Time bound refer to specific in time B Self Control 1 Terminology self control voluntary regulation of behavior emotional and attentional resources self control dilemma having a long term goal but a short term temptation interferes with it 2 Nature ego depletion self control is like a muscle which has limited strength What are the consequences of ego depletion i reduce ability to resist temptation or persevere ii negative emotions iii difficult decision making iv no self reflections v reduce ability to help others 3 Self control influences and strategies make goal pursuit a habit implementation intentions trust early decisions avoid temptations controlling thoughts and remind long term goal feel connected to future self grit tendency to retail interest and actions towards long term goal How to improve grit i correct maladaptive belief e g intelligence is not fixed frustration and confusion are not the reason to quit mistakes should not be avoided use pleasure as reward more motivation toward goals and enjoyment of indulgences Challenging Questions to think about 1 In SMART we say goal has to be attainable with a moderate to difficult effort to accomplish Then what happens if goal is unattainable Hint Recall Motivation III subconscious Chapter How is that related to frustration 2 What kind of needs do setting goals help to fulfill A Physiological need B Safety needs C Belongingness needs D Love needs E Self actualization needs 3 Why is the goal have to be measurable Hint recall one function of goal setting is to evaluate whether we reach the standard of judging satisfaction
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