01 17 2013 Presentations Green Tea Callelia sinesis Minimal oxidation George Kamel named after him Sinesis from china Important for history of china o Believed to help control bleeding digestion wounds body temperature blood sugar Native to Asia Shrub o Fresh leaves contain 4 caffeine White Green Oolong from callelia Green tea from unfermented leaves Active ingredient polyphenols bitter taste antioxidant Antioxidants fight free radicals Extraction with alcohol as solvent EGCG anti inflammatory effects o Can treat hepatitis Clinical Studies CAD Liver dz Interactions caffeine Black Cohosh Angiosperm Men were found to have lower cholesterol Preventative measure against cancers Found that Japan has lower cancer rates believe its due to their green tea intake o Studies were performed by tea companies Precautions with stomach ulcers CAD HTN kidney dz liver problems psych anxiety Pregnant breast feeding Adenosine anti coagulants chemo ephedrine BCP lithium o Originally by native americans GYN renal depression Post European GYN RA lung neuro Collect from roots and rhizomes Active ingredients saponins fukinolic acid resin caffeic acid isoferulic acid o Actein and fukinolic acid Found in roots and rhizomes Last forever but are usually contaminated with fungus Processing Root rhizome extraction o Alcohol extraction Remifemin type of black cohosh supplement o Standardized to 26 deoxyactein tablet capsule Treatments PMS menopausal Muscle spasms Depression Clinical testing on neuro No significant effects on hormones vagina uterus no clinical trials Detrimental to people with liver disorders o Actein evidence of breast cancer cell growth o Drawbacks few included placebos Contraindications No research Echinacea Angiosperms Coneflower Drought tolerant perennial Taproot system or rhizomes growth Grown in winter Active ingredient in roots Use vegetable washers to clean roots Temperature should not exceed 110 F to remove bacteria or fungi but not high enough to lose active ingredient Immune enhancing abilities cold UTI combat herpes wounds Study tested ginseng lopinavir interaction Not used in cancer and HIV patients Usage Phenols E purpurea cichoric acid caftaric acid E pallida echinacoside Phenols alkylamids flavonoids polysaccharides Not to be taken with immunosuppressive drugs Contraindications Nausea abd pain asthma anaphylaxis not to be used with immunosuppressant Study interactions between echinachea ginseng lopinavir HIV med Caused kidney liver damage but controls HIV growth Yerba mate Grows for 4 5 years Grows in south America History 2 brothers fought and split and discovered it immune system detoxify hair color aid fat loss reduce aging combat fatigue stmulate mind inhibit effects of disease differ in caffeine content Tea contains leaves and stems Flash heated dried at low temperatures stored in cedar chamber for 1 year Drank out of a gourd that had a filter and poured hot water over it Consumption Present in energy drinks Clincal trials No data proving weight loss University of Tennessee study Phenolic caffeic acid quininc acid rutin saponins xanthines caffeine theombrine theophylline MAO inhibitor treating depression attention deficit mood Use disorders vitamins Active ingredients do most of the work stimulant and diuretic function Caffeine theophylline theombrine Caffeine and theombrine stimulant and diuretic Contraindications Too much caffeine Pregnant breast feeding CAD HTN Anxiety Taking MAO inhibitors Possibly causes oral esophageal cancer Small study Syngerstically with alcohol or tobacco to cause cancer Takes 1 liter a day Castor Oil Plant Castor oil lubricant topical skin Seeds ricin toxic poison Mediterranean basin East Africa India most grown in India and brazil History Laxative Ebers Papyrus Lamp oil Body ointment De worming Main constituent ricinoleic acid Cosmetic use Laxative induce labor Moisturize hair and skin Clinical trials Industrial Use used in soaps biofuel Leaf and Root Extract Not used with diuretics Anti imflammatory analgesic induce abortion anti cancer Terpenoids tocopherol compounds Alcohol solvent Anti histamine and anti inflammatory from root bark Anti microbial properties from leaves o Leaf extract said to show promise in treating melanoma Ricin most toxic Inactivates ribosomes Found in seed byproduct Found in waste when making castor oil o Heating denatures ricin protein o die in 3 5 days o 2 mg IV is lethal 25 mg oral 8 seeds But if you eat seeds won t do anything because seeds have tough shells o fever coughing v d seizure dehydradation not to be used as a wmd only effective for a couple people CHECK ARTICLE MAGGIE SENT Cranberries Native to north America used to prevent scurvy Treatment UTI dry harvest picked by motors doesn t damage as much as wet harvest wet harvest flood beds berries float NDM prevents adhesion of helicobacter pylori to stomach inhabits stomach lining antioxidant anti cancer Clinical Trials UTI showed decrease in bacteria Dental plaque NDH prevented adhesion of bacteria Polyphenolic extracts inhibit growth proliferation of tumors Contraindication side effect Take cautiously with warfarin liver affecting asa GI sxs Past kidney stone hx Valerian Made from roots Originally used as sedative Extracted from root Active ingredient unidentified o Volatile oil o Iridoid Most likely a synergistic effect of multiple compounds Increase GABA in synaptic cleft Used rhizomes and stolomes Used as mild sedative chewed on roots Shakers grew valerian in US Treatment Sleep Digestive Neuro HA Clinical trials Mixed results Little research Drawbacks Contraindications Side effects Palpitations o Small not good studies Valerian acupressure found increased sleep and waking reduced Pregnant liver dz with MAOI s cause drowsiness Garlic Allian polysaccharides saponins Allicin Lower BP reduce clotting treat CAD lower lipids treat responsible for antimicrobial lipid reducing fibrinolytic atherosclerosis Unproven URI GI menstrual DM otitis angina Clinical testing o Induces growth and differentiation of breast cancer o Found to reduce BP What to not be used with o Anticoagulants o HIV o Oral contraceptive Adverse Effects HA fatigue coagulation alterations GI bad breath odor Astragalus root is used immunomodulator promotes helper T cells Anti inflammatory Antioxidant anti aging with telomere shortening Adaptogen helps body respond to stress and maintain metabolic stability TCM and recently in Western Medicine Astragaloside IV and cycloastragenol active compounds o