CHM1046 LECTURE NOTES 12 4 Solution Equilibrium and factors affecting solubility Solubility of solids in water Saturated solution dissolved solute and undissolved solute are in dynamic equilibrium if additional solute is added it will not dissolve Unsaturated solution contains less solute than the equilibrium amount of solute if additional amount of solute is added it will dissolve Supersaturated Solution unstable lives for short time until it precipitates Contains more solute than the equilibrium quantity not all solutions can be made supersaturated Solubility of solids in water increases with increasing temperature Solubility of gases affected by two factors 1 Temperature solubility of gases in water decrease with an increase in temperature if the temperature rises gas molecules have an increase in energy and escape and evaporate the solution which results in less gas 2 Pressure solubility of gases in water increases with increasing pressure exerted by gas on the water As pressure increases volume increases so gas spreads out and wants to escape atm pressure vapor pressure of liquid Henry s Law describes the dependence of solubility of gases in water of pressure Sgas KHPgas where Sgas is the solubility of a gas in Molarity and KH is Henry s law constant and Pgas is the partial pressure of gas atm
View Full Document