PART I: TERMS and NAMESTopography - the method of creating how rome used to be. temples, forums, etc...Marble Plan - economic plan that romans used. A massive marble map of ancient Rome, created under the emperor Septimius Severus between 203 and 211,types of re-creations- life size modelstemplum - area in the sky marked for the austicesaedes- houseara- alterarea- open space used for looking at the skyuses of temples-government uses, meeting places for senate, offices buildings for consulsTemple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus- early temple of rome on the Capitoline- roman forum built in between palatine and capitolineRoman Forum (Forum Romanum)-civic center to rome, added to/rebuilt several times, containedmost major temples along via sacravia Sacra- Contained most of the major temples along the via SacraTemple of Saturn-vowed in 498 bce, lower level housed aerarium(treasury),used as offices for quaestorsTemple of Divus Vespasian and Titus-temple where caesar was cremated and augustus considered a god so he made a temple for himTemple of Concordia-after conflict of the orders RostrumTemple of Vesta-housed wills of senators,palladium(stone gfrom troy that aneaus brought to beatthe greeks)Temple of Castor (and Pollux)- built after battle of lake regilliuspalladium-stone from troyRex Sacrorum-remains of monarchy, maximus and rex sacrorum, home of rex sacrorumregia-housed shields of salii, official calender and annalesBasilica Aemilia- public building in the forumBasilica Julia-public building in the forumCuria- originally hostilia, after the monarchy became something like the senatecarcer- monuments in the forum, room for 2 peoplelacus Curtius-Rome’s enemy whose horse dies in a shadow lake or the ground opens up to the underworld and the Romans ask their prophets and sears who tell them to throw their valuables into pit which Curtius commits suicideForum Julium-Temple of Venus Genetrix-Dedicated in 46 BC in the Forum of Caesar, A tufa and concrete podium with 3 standing columns now, vowed the temple if successful in his battles, senate dislikes JC because of his behaviour here.aerarium- name given to the public treasury.Praetorian Guard (cohortes praetoriae)-A force of bodyguards.cohortes urbanae (city force)-created by Augustus to counterbalance the enormous power of the Praetorian Guard in the city of Rome and serve as a police force.cohortes vigilum (city watch)-were the firefighters and police of Ancient Rome.delatores-private citizens investigated crimes for a fee.annonae-a Roman imperial official charged with the supervision of the grain supply to the city ofRome.congiaria-Emperors took over these duties, (gifts of money)donativa-irregular payments to soldiers, esp. Praetorian Guard-Emperor Galbaalimenta-funds for children and orphansvicus-neighborhoods, augustus assigned 14 regionsServian Walls-was a defensive barrier constructed around the city of Rome in the early 4th century BCE. Aurelian Walls-city walls built between 271 and 275 in Rome, Italy, during the reign of the Roman Emperors Aurelian and Probus.Caesar Augustusprinceps-chief senatordivi filius (son of the god)-o DIVIFPATERPATRIAE CAESAR AUGUSTUS =Song of the god, Father of the Country Horologium- clockAra Pacis Augustae- alter of Peace by AugustusMausoleum of Augustus- Built along the via Flaminia entering Rome form the North· Derived from Etruscan tombs and Hellenistic royal tombs· Invokes image of Augustus as founder of a dynasty· Entrance originally flanked by tablets containing the Res GestaeRes Gestae Divi Augusti- Written by Augustus in the last year of his life, to be displayed in frontof Mausoleum on two bronze tablets· Found in Ancyra in Greek and Latin· Augustus informs posterity how to view his life and rule· Gives us information about what was seen as essential to being a “good” emperor· Notable omissions and re-castings of history Temple of Apollo on the Palatine--On Palatine Hill-Greek and Latin Library-Only podium and flight of steps remain todayTemple of Jupiter Tonanso Built by Augustus on the Capitolineo Vowed by Augustus after he was nearly struck by lightningo Small but elaborate templeo Augustus dreamo Bells installed-jupiter tonans was the ianitor of Jupiter optimus maximus Forum of Augustus- Could not get everyone to see- Forum of Augustus is not symmetrical o Additional space for legal courtso Continues ideas of forum of Julius Caesaro Dominated by temple of mars ultor (avenger)o Built on augustus own land- no imerpial eminent domaino Could not get everyone to sell-forum of Augustus is not symmetricalo Used for law courtso Stambaugh-like atrium of romeo Imagines of Augustuso Received embassieso Oath of obedience to august uso Deliberations on waro Governors sent to provinceso Toga virilis ceremonies –when a young man comes of age (toga of manhood)Temple of Mars Ultor-Temple dedicated to the God of War in Augustus' Forum, built for avenger of battle of Philippi, used to deliberate war and award triumphs.pietas- religious duty, duty for country and familyNero-quinquennium Neronis-Five “good” years of ruleDomus Aurea-palaceBaths of Nero-o Baths and gym of nero 60-64 CEo Single complexo For neroniao Gym struck by lightning burned down-including gigantic bronze statue of nero (ann 15.22)o Campus martius near baths of Agrippao 190m by 120mNeronia-neronia(occured in 60 and 65 discontinued after neros death), greek competition-traditional athletic events including poetry recitation and races“meta-theatrics”-o Reality echoes make believeo Death of britannicuso Nero and Agrippinao Death of AgrippinaAgrippina the ElderGreat Fire of 64 CE-Nero believed to have started this fire in 64, burned for 6 days straight, golden house was built in the centre, Christians were blamed.Features of Domus Aurea- rotating dining room, baths, giant, Artificial Lake- lake built in the palace grounds Colossal statue of Nero-statue of nero built at entrence to palace, could be seen from many parts of cityEsquiline Wing-octogonal room, lit by “eye” at top of roomTemple of Divus Claudius-· Begun by Nero- solidifying power· Nero stopped work on the temple· Finished by Vespasian· Policy of ‘deconstructing Nero’· Finishing unfinished projects, covering over Domus Aurea (looted by the Flavian Emperors)balnea-Public Baths were also