1 There is a god all loving all powerful all knowing Philosophy of Religion Objectivism Christianity 2 Plan for the Universe 3 Salvation and Eternal Life a Dependent upon Works on 3 Justifications 1 Revelation Scripture 2 Faith Tertullian 165 225 AD i Belief in God membership in Church practicing Sacraments a I believe because it is absurd reaction to bible s contradictions 3 Reason Thomas Aquinas 1225 1274 Augustine 354 430 AD Faith and Reason conflict Go with Faith Why jeopardize salvation to obtain a logical response Bio Born on the North Coast of Africa In Hippo Mother Monica was a Christian Saint like to Augustine Father was a traveling merchant and a pagan Was not baptized as a child due to parents conflicting religions Thought of himself as a sinner since he was a baby Traveled to Alexandria and studied at the Royal Library o Studied the Manichaeans Problem of Evil 1 God is all powerful 2 God is all loving 3 Evil exists as an actual force in the world Can only believe two at a time Example 1 Take 1 and 3 Peligans Example 2 Take 2 and 3 Manichaeans God is all loving but can t stop all the evil God is all powerful and can stop the force of evil but does not so can t be all loving Ambrose helps Augustine solve the Problem of Evil God is all powerful and all loving evil does not exist as an actual force Only the appearance of evil it is only a test from God and his ultimate plan Uses acts of Evil to strengthen faith 1 Mountain Valley The mountain looks like a mountain in comparison to a valley a Ex Evil appearance of compared to Good 2 Test of our character While taking a walk in his garden in Milan Augustine heard a child s voice Let your bible fall open and read the first thing you see He read Let the Lord provide meaning he had to surrender himself to God He then had Ambrose baptized him Augustine Recap 1 God is all powerful 2 God is all loving 3 Evil exists Augustine says 1 and 2 are true and evil does not exist only the appearance Mountain and Valley Example A mountain can be a mountain without a valley to compare it to Same as good can t be appreciated without the appearance of evil to compare it to Problem of Free Will 1 God knows we will freely choose but God does not choose for us a Ex a movie you have seen 100 times you know how it ends but the characters are still exercising their choices b We are not able to know the plan of God Grace God s underserved gift of salvation a Underserved nothing we can do on our own you can be good all your life but if you do not accept God and have faith it is not possible to achieve salvation b Let God be the Author of your life c Even the most evil person can achieve salvation if they accept God d Accept God by means of Baptism Adam Eve Do not eat from the Tree of Knowledge We can live without you God Pride Original Sin Pride passed on to all descendants of Adam and Eve Baptism used to overcome Original Sin o From here on in I give myself up and join the church community City of Man Secular Authority not concerned related with religion Power and Success only care about improving upon your life Material Possessions worldly objects of monetary value City of God God and God s plan Heaven Spreading the word of Salvation save others from an eternity of torment Creation Present Memories Expectations Heaven Judgment Day Hell We can only experience the present The past is only memories and the future is our expectations Come Judgment Day often called the Rapture you are either saved and brought to heaven or not saved and sent to hell God All of history is God s now from Creation up until Judgment Day Perfect intellect enhanced mind ability to understand God s plan in a sense be God like Rewards of Heaven Physically perfect body Torment of Hell Physical torment constant agony Intellectually deprived o God condemns no one to hell the individual who refused to accept God chose hell for himself herself Arabic Philosophy Muhammad 570 632 Arabic Pagan Was an unsuccessful merchant Married a prominent woman Would walk into the mountains searching for enlightenment visited by the Arch Angel Gabriel and was given knowledge With this knowledge he began writing the Qur an kor ron Birth of Islam 622 Exodus to Medina and then the return to Mecca 9 th Century House of Wisdom in Baghdad huge influence Differences Islam v European 1 Less emphasis on great minds a Community of minds instead of one sole thinker 2 Strife between Reason and Tradition Avicenna Ibn Sina 980 1037 Son of a Persian govt official Source where philosophy science and medicine could grow Mainly focused on the translation and commentary of Greek philosophy Aristotle was a Become Gov t official officer of law spokesman ambassador Islamic Aristotle Egotistical Contingent Being Necessary Being Existence Essence Unity One Pure Intellect Earthly Humans Animals Plants Objects Essence Angels Contingent Being a being that does not have to exist Cannot think of God as a person Averroes Ibn Rushd 1126 1198 From Cordoba Member of a family of judges Physician Corrects Avicenna 1 The Universe is eternal 2 God sustains the universe as opposed to an expansion a Intelligence and will characteristics of a person 3 Understanding God s mind is our greatest ambition a Using philosophy to understand b Giving love love of knowledge back to God Supplement with From Africa to Zen pages 120 125 Thomas Aquinas Three Arguments Cannot be a place where reason and faith come together The existence of God is provable to reason alone Rationalists 1 Ontological Argument appeals purely to reason 2 Cosmological Argument invitation to look at the world around us reason backed by observation Empiricists 3 Design Argument based mostly on observation backed by reason Ontological Anselm of Canterbury 1033 1109 Fools non believers That which nothing can be conceived o Humans are capable of thinking about the Greatest possible being Which is greater Great existence or Great existence God greatest God exists Guanilo I can imagine all sorts of things that are greater than things that exist Thinking about what is greatest is no way to go same as imagining the perfect island o Example A perfect island perfect weather food people etc Can t define anything into being they must be so Anselm s reply o Perfect Island limited being lacks existence o God Unlimited being nothing can be lacking Cosmological Thomas Aquinas 1225 1274 Born in Italy Known as a dumb ox in early schooling Often called an equilvalent to Aristotle Official
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