CCJS 100 STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL EXAMINATION What does your text say about the Pennsylvania System Auburn System Penitentiary System and Silent Congregate Systems of prison o Penitentiary System Walnut Street Jail first public institution to serve use imprisonment as a method of reforming Walnut Street Jail was a penitentiary residence to be sorrowful for their wrongdoings o Pennsylvania System a system of prison administration in which in mates lived in solitary confinement total silence and religious penitence as the way to prevent future criminal behavior o Auburn System a system of prison administration where prisoners were isolated in cells at night but allowed to congregate during the day for work duty and meals but in total silence Silent Congregate System Each inmate was held in isolation during the night but worked and ate with other prisoners during the day while under a rule of silence o Warden Elam Lynds said industrial efficacy is the purpose of prison Know which parts or branches of government operate the courts prisons and jails Legislative branch votes for building of jails judicial branch determines punishment Know what your text has to say concerning probation parole Know the fundamental differences between the two o Probation an alternative to jail or prison in which the offender remains in the community under court supervision usually within the caseload of a probation officer who is an officer of the court allow the probationer to be rehabilitated without having to be incarcerated judicial function o Parole early conditional release of a prisoner from incarceration after the offender successfully serves a portion of the sentence reward inmates who follow prison rules and behave positively administrative function You should have some idea of who John Augustus is as well as Alexander Machonachie and Sir Walter Crofton o John Augustus bailed out a common drunkard He returned to court 3 weeks later with his now sober offender changed for the better he was the forerunner of the probation officer he was asked by the ciurt to evaluate whether various offenders were good prospects for probation o Alexander Machonachie o Sir Walter Crafton When reviewing your readings and discussions concerning probation You should focus on such things as o Revocation definition and process to revoke or take away probation violating conditions of probation can cause revocation and be incarcerated report on a regular basis maintain employment or schooling allow probation officer to visit their home or place of employment do not commit additional crimes change residence associate with others with criminal records o Intensive supervision probation high risk offenders who have been convicted of serious crimes and would ordinarily be prison bound high level of supervision and surveillance and strict probation conditions variety of probation programs with smaller officer caseloads and closer surveillance keeps them employed while serving their sentence main goal o When does probation occur Before incarceration gives offenders a chance to prove themselves o Who is the person credited with inventing developing probation Probation officers are responsible for supervising defender as well as treating them o Is probation an extension of a sentence or a sentence o What is it a derivative of o Who has jurisdiction over probation Length of probation is set by the court can modify or revoke probation When reviewing your readings and discussions concerning parole You should focus on such things as o Parole boards groups of persons authorized by law to grant permission for selected offenders to serve their remaining sentence in the community discuss whether the parolee is ready to be released o Revocation definition and process if they had a violation serious enough to be returned to custody and was arrested for a new offense will be held in a jail until the new charges are resolved if convicted a revocation hearing will be held to determine how much extra prison time will be required o Intensive supervision parole o When does parole occur After a certain amount of time of prison portion of their sentence they are reviewed by the parole board o Is parole an extension of a sentence or a sentence Who has jurisdiction over parole the courts The prisons and or parole boards Who Release depends on the state s sentencing structure and the parole boards assessment occurs at state and federal level but parole board decides whether they are ready or not Have some idea of what conditions are typically imposed on a parolee by a parole board Rights are restricted and options are limited unable to vote in most states to hold political office work in certain professions or enter into contracts Regarding juveniles have a general knowledge of juvenile delinquents status offenders neglected children and dependent children o Juvenile delinquents criminal acts that are committed by juveniles minors anyone either under 18 or 21 depending on the state o Status offense an offense that is illegal only because the defendant is a child ex running away curfew violations school truancy o Neglected children delinquency tied to family factors such as poor parenting parental rejection and lack of supervision are strongly connected to delinquency o Dependent children Have a general knowledge of the history of juvenile justice in America and its important developments e g the denial and then granting of due process Infancy defense under 7 yrs old cannot be criminally prosecuted binding out sending children to live wirh wealthy families who provided the child with basic necessities of life in return for labor colonization of north America lead to more child labor to immigrate the colonies Industrial revolution children worked in appalling factories and poor children were placed in adult jails where they were abused Child Saving Movement Child Savers who were women who lobbied for child labor regulations wanted a specialized system that would focus on the needs of the youths Have a general idea of the range of upper age limits for juveniles throughout the United States The most common maximum age of a confined or monitored delinquent in 20 although it ranges between 18 and 24 must be released from custody on their 21st birthday or 25th in some states most states have no minimum if they are aware that they did it and intentionally hurt someone else they are responsible The acronym PINS applies to juveniles What does it stand for Know
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