NY Times Articles Holder Urges States to Lift Bans on Felons Voting Democrats in Senate Reject Pick by Obama US and Israel Said to Be Near Agreement on Release of Spy President Obama and Pope Francis An Exchange of Views Some in Accord The Central Park Five Super Predator Scare Video In Landmark Vote Senate Limits Use of the Filibuster Notes Found as Brooklyn Detective s Work Is Reviewed Could Exonerate Two Convicted of Murder For Obama Presidency Lyndon Johnson Looms Large Texas University s Race Admissions Policy Is Debated Before a Federal Court Supreme Court Strikes Down Overall Political Donation Cap More Talks Excepted in Central Park Five Lawsuit In Victory for Obama Court Backs Rules for Coal Pollution Court Backs Michigan on Affirmative Action Texas University s Race Admissions Policy is Debated Before Federal Courts Abbas Takes Defiant Step and Mideast Talks Falter Gordon S Wood Chapter 8 opponents thought that the Constitution threatened to undermine the republican experiment and create a monarchial tyranny that would eventually take away America s liberty they especially objected to the mighty and splendid President who posses power in the most unlimited manner that could easily be abused the President had command over the armed forces with the authority to direct diplomatic relations with power over appointments to the executive and judicial branches that few state governments possesed and with a long four year term lease with eligibility for re election the President was a magistrate who could easily become king opponents of the Constitution believed that the country was being led down the garden path of monarchy some New England federalists seeing and dreading the evils of democracy were willing to admit monarchy or something like it wealthy New England merchant Benjamin Tappan who was father of the future abolitionists thought a good dose of monarchism was needed in 1878 to offset the popular excesses of the American people Tappan said to Henry Knox Washington s close friend that he cannot give up the idea that monarchy in our present situation is become absolutely necessary to save the states from sinking into the lowest abyss of misery in 1776 the Revolutionaries had established 13 different republics and the Declaration of Independence was for these 13 separate states who set about constructing their own constitutions these constitutions were modeled on what Americans thought the mixed or balanced constitution of the English commonwealth should have been the state constitution makers created mixtures of governors senates and house of representatives that identified with the monarchy aristocracy and democracy of the English constitution the new republican governors were thought to embody the monarchial element in society the senates or upper houses of the legislatures were thought to embody the aristocratic element American constitution makers wanted to avoid the corruption of the English constitution which they believed flowed from the misuse of patronage by the crown they forbade members of the legislatures from simultaneously holding office in the government or executive branch this prohibition is in Article 1 Section 6 of the federal constitution and prevents the development of ministerial responsibility to the legislatures republicanism put a premium on the homogeneity and cohesiveness of its society republicans were supposed to rely for cohesion on the moral qualities of their people their virtue and their natural sociability monarchy imagined its society in traditional and prenational terms as a mosaic of quasicorporate communities and so could not embrace African slaves and Indians as subjects republicanism created citizens but the citizens were all equal to one another and it was difficult for the Revolutionaries to include blacks and Indians as citizens in the new republican states they were trying to create
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