Key terms Poll Tax Plessy v Ferguson Atlanta Compromise I Ultimate Segregation A Not only in the South occurs in the southwest with Native Americans too Alaskan Tribes Asian Americans B Segregation between immigrants and natives C Why all the division in America at the same time 1 Progressive reform a People who instate Jim Crow are trying to create order in society 2 Changing economics in the South a 9 10 African Americans still engaged in agriculture b 45 of African Americans are illiterate c changes in pockets of the south 1 small cities appearing 2 more people moving into urban areas 3 blacks and whites interacting more than ever before 4 sitting next to each other on trains competing for jobs eating at the same restaurants 3 Generational a new younger generation of people in charge b trying to deal with a new society that they don t understand c tensions between new groups of people who don t understand each other A South is an increasingly violent place after civil war 1 Over 4 000 people lynched in a 30 year span mostly African American men II Jim Crow B Lynching 1 Punishes the person and also terrifies entire community 2 Jim Crow laws cause lynching to decrease because blacks and whites don t come into contact as often 3 Tons of people would come travel from far distances brought picnic baskets brought children 4 Lynchings are concentrated in places with transient populations people moving in and out don t know each other 5 Tend to be people who are economically independent 6 South paints the picture of black men as savages raping white women a only about 1 3 were actually accused of rape C Segregation occurs to keep black men and white women away from each other D Plessy v Ferguson 1 Louisiana passes a law that blacks and whites can t sit near each other on trains 2 Group of educated blacks challenge this law to find out if it s actually constitutional a Base it on 14th Amendment 3 Planned protest ask Homer Plessy if he will violate law on purpose to get arrested so they have a case a Homer Plessy is 1 8 African American and 7 8 White appeared White b He s economically independent owns his own business 4 Gets on train and sits in white section arrested fined convicted 5 Supreme court rules that this law is perfectly legal because it treats both blacks and whites equally a car for blacks car for whites 6 Many other places take up this law restaurants schools etc III Disenfranchisement A Try to get blacks not to vote B Literacy tests given to blacks and whites 1 Tests were ambiguous and confusing and difficult C Poll Tax 1 You had to pay a fee to vote 2 1 or 2 pay equivalent to a couple days pay 3 In the south this tax was required to be paid in the spring a months before you actually voted so your receipt could get lost b sharecroppers don t have cash on hand in the spring so they can t pay 4 Legal until 1965 D Grandfather Clause 1 Your grandfather had to have voted for you to be able to vote cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 IV Racial Covenants A If you buy a property you promise never to sell it to a person of color B Keep your neighborhood all white generation after generation C Created separate neighborhoods of blacks and whites
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