CCJS Week 1 04 16 2012 CLICKER solitary confinement took philosophies from the QUACKERS Juvenile Justice Kids are Differenet 2005 present coming out of the crime control period scientific evidence regarding juvenile development o biological o emotional o psychological culpability o roper vs simmon The Extent of Juvenile Crime Part I offences o Larceny theft highest percent Part II offences o 2 3 crime o other assaults o drug abuse violations Juveniles are committing a lot of crimes but not usually serious ones Facts about juvenile crime Juveniles are more likely than adults to be victims of violent crime Non serious Juvenile adult differences Juveniles commit more crimes Juvenile victimization Gender o Male Race Versatility Trends o More arrests for African Americans and higher arrest rates for low socio economic status o Highest crime rate in 1995 o Epidemic of juvenile violent crime in 1990s associated with gun violence and crack cocaine epidemic o Juvenile property crime has been declining after 1988 o Drug crime big increase in 1975 then decrease then increase late 90s 00s trend looks a lot different The Juvenile Justice System First Contact Police Many options o Release 22 3 o Welfare agency 0 5 o Transferred to other police 1 1 o Delinquent o PINS status offenders persons in need of supervision o Juvenile court 67 4 o Criminal court 8 8 Was 0 8 in 1970 Case types in juvenile justice Criminal 75 Noncriminal 25 o Dependency o Neglect o Adoption 20 Juvenile Dispositions Probation CLICKER What proportion of delinquency cases are status offenses or PINS cases o 62 of cases o similar to adult probation conditions o two distinct differences smaller probation caseload rehabilitative focus rather than surveillance Custodial Care o 22 o Use varies widely across the country o Nonsecure Ranch forestry camp or farm Group homes Foster homes o Secure Training school o Used most in DC Community treatment o 15 o Warnings fines restitution o Community service o Treatment drug or mental health o Suspended sentence CCJS Week 2 Discussion 04 16 2012 Criteria to try a juvenile in adult court the level of the offender s criminal sophistication whether he can be rehabilitated within the time the juvenile court has to work with the minor previous delinquent history the success of prior attempts at rehabilitation and finally the seriousness and gravity of the crime Manny 17 Gang member Beat a pregnant woman with a baseball bat Second violent felony Found guilty of rape in juvenile court at age of 14 Tried as an adult Shawn 16 Stabbed his sleeping father repeatedly Tried in juvenile court Forced his cellmate to perform oral sex on him Sentence was to stay in juvenile hall until he was 19 with many privileges Marquese 17 Prosecutor believed judge was too easy on him because he came from a wealthy neighborhood and was white Seven juvenile felony convictions all theft related On parole and only two months short of being 18 so prosecutors wanted to try him in adult court Defense attorney believes he has no support at home and jail was where he felt safest His mother is a drug addict who taught him how to steal at a young age and who was in and out of jail Judge tried him in juvenile court because she felt he deserved one last chance for rehabilitation and his crimes were nonviolent Jose 15 Dad was a heroin addict who left after he was born and mother left shortly after Gang member Beat someone to death His involvement was lesser and he helped the other kid who broke Jose was given a deal plead guilty for involuntary manslaughter in Only 208 days in juvenile court and he did well in school while institutionalized and got a job after and was enrolled in community his ankle adult court college Probation violation and was arrested again Against juvenile transfer https www ncjrs gov pdffiles1 ojjdp 220595 pdf higher recidivism rates stigmatization of labeling juveniles as convicted felons resentment and injustice juveniles feel about being tried and punished as adults learn criminal mores and behavior while incarcerated with adult decreased focus on rehabilitation and family support in adult greater likelihood of rearrest 49 of transfer reoffend compared with 35 of retained offenders 24 violent transfer reoffend compared to 16 of retained offenders system offenders CCJS Week 3 DISCUSSION 04 16 2012 Terrorism premeditated politically motivated against non combatant not performed by the government International Terrorism performed against citizens of multiple countries Terrorist Acts are Acts to create fear Acts performed for a political philosophical ideological racial ethnic religious goal May include unlawful acts of violence and war USA PATRIOT Act Criminals or Terrorists Criminal Behavior Criminals often seek opportunistic targets with little to no planning Criminals tend to hide after committing a crime they don t brag or their behavior is often impulsive take credit in most cases Criminals have very little backing they are selfish lack discipline and may be deterred relatively easily Terrorist Behavior Terrorists are often well trained and state supported o Therefore the propensity for violence can be much greater Terrorists are extremely determined disciplined and are often willing to self sacrifice for their cause o Are willing to die for it in some cases a criminal suspect will run from the police a terrorist might confront them with a bomb strapped to their chest Terrorists have a specific goal in mind o Often its more symbolic than opportunistic Terrorists often take credit for their crimes and bask in the media s propaganda about their crimes o They even release their own videos bragging and talking Role and Use of Police Primary role prevention Learn and investigate local terrorist threats and work to protect vulnerable targets Issues with intelligence led policing o We assume that if police collect as much info as possible they will at some point identify suspicious activity that will lead us to terrorists o This approach has been accompanied by public hotlines and announcements to be alert o How effective this is remains a classified secret o Also a behaviors or events labeled as suspicious are very vague and leave open opportunities for individuals to exercise whatever prejudices or preconceptions they may have about what is suspicious or what a terrorist looks like Role and Use of Military Primary role track down detain and if necessary kill terrorists but all on foreign soil Cannot be
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