PHIL 11001 Introduction to Philosophy Quiz 3 Review are still responsible for knowing them 1 Plato Crito Note Some of these terms and concepts were only covered in the lectures and are not in the readings You like our parents Remember how Plato defines living well in this text Plato defines living well in the aspect that we should never do wrong we should Explain what Plato means when he writes and has Socrates say that the laws are Plato claims laws are like our parents in that as children we know it is wrong to Concepts always fulfill our agreements and the we should never disobey the set laws given to us disobey our parents therefore it is wrong for a being to disobey the laws you are doing wrong Therefore we should never disobey any laws no matter what the consequences Know what options Plato thinks someone who is unhappy with the laws of his or her Understand how he reaches the conclusion that we should never disobey any laws no In order to live well we must never commit a wrongful deed and by disobeying a law matter what the consequences country has leave before breaking any laws stay and work to change the laws while obeying them 2 Martin Luther King Jr Letter from a Birmingham Jail Terms Civil Disobedience a non violent refusal to obey certain laws for moral or ethical reasons Satyagraha non violent resistance to injustice thinks the purpose of such a campaign is Concepts Remember the four steps King says should be part of any nonviolent campaign and what he step one collection of facts wheres the injustice and why how is it not just step two negotiation step three self purification prayer and self examination step four non violent direct action including breaking laws The purpose to Martin Luther King Jr four steps is to force the opponent s to negotiate Know King s two definitions of an unjust law Martin Luther King Jr defined unjust law as degrading towards the human personality and also as a group in power forces a minority group to obey a law that they themselves do not have to obey for all human beings and if one being or group of beings don t need to obey the law s then neither should anyone else and vise versa if one being must obey the law s then so must everyone else Understand why King thinks we re not obligated to obey unjust laws King believes we are not obligated to obey unjust laws because he believes in equal rights 3 bell hooks Ain t I a Woman bell hooks is critical of the feminist movement in the US because she believes feminism is Concepts Understand why hooks is critical of the feminist movement in the US a form of racism and doesn t understand how some women will fight for sexism yet are still racist history of the nations past and due to people fighting for the wrong reasons and in order to eliminate all discrimination then the root racism in general needs to be fixed first Know why hooks thinks that racism not sexism is the most central problem in bell hooks thinks racism is the most central problem in American society because the American society 4 Cornel West Race Matters PHIL 11001 Introduction to Philosophy community Cornel West thinks the two most important problems facing the African American Concepts Know what West thinks are the two most important problems facing the African American community are the lack of self love and the desire for white approval to overcoming racism in the US is that it would bring freedom for both white and blacks alike The humanity of white people would be affirmed in opposing white oppression Be able to explain what West means when he says that the affirmation of black humanity What Cornel West means when he says that the affirmation of black humanity is central is central to overcoming racism in the US 5 Peter Singer One World The Ethics of Globalization Terms International Order nations are interconnected Global Order move beyond the concept of nation state Concepts Remember what the fundamental ethical issue pg 207 is that Singer is Concerned globalization The basis of globalization is that all nation follow under one economy free trade one type of currency a unified global market etc The fundamental ethical issue Peter Singer is concerned with in this article is Be able to explain the basics of Rawls method with in this article position they hold Veil of ignorance is where one pretends to be a member of a society how he uses the original position and the veil of ignorance Original position is where one knows nothing about the society or the what points he s trying to make concerning justice by using this method People pretend to be part of a society when they do not understand the Discuss Singer s critique of Rawls society nor their position within in may lead them to committing or even fighting unjust decisions Singer critiques Rawls by saying that in Rawls theory all the people within the society are concerned about improving things for their society s interest and when the same theory is applied to a global level it causes problems with citizens deciding to live amongst each other without knowing the society or the position they hold within it For example whether they become rich or poor educated or uneducated religious or atheist etc an ethically global view is wealth and poverty List the two main reasons why Singer thinks nations particularly rich ones need to The two main reasons Singer thinks nations particularly rich ones need to adopt on adopt a global view on ethics 6 Tom Regan The Case for Animal Rights Terms Contractarianism we agree on certain rights to protect and further our own interests Utilitarianism everyone counts equally is the greatest good for the greatest number respect to the issue of animal rights Explain Regan s criticism of contractarianism and utilitarian ethical theories with Regan criticizes contractarianism by saying since animals cannot sign the contract Concepts therefore they have no rights and if thats true then it wouldn t allow everyone to participate in the rule making Utilitarianism which is the greatest good for the greatest number and good is defined as the act that brings about the most satisfaction and the claim that the individual doesn t count what counts is the satisfaction one receives from their good actions are criticized by Regan when he argues that the morally right decision may not be the best one Understand his rights view of ethics and morality and how he uses it to make his The rights view states that we all have inherent value which is defined as we all
View Full Document
Unlocking...