Add all answers in blue Exam covers Chapters 9 11 13 15 50 Multiple Choice 10 30 AM through 12 30 PM Normal Lecture Hall 0130 TYD 2 questions are still unanswered What does your text say about the Pennsylvania System Solitary confinement fosters penitence and encourages reformation Auburn System Inmates worked in groups during the day and were kept in solitary confinement at night Focused on reformation Penitentiary System Created by the Quakers in Pennsylvania who believed that prisoners could be reformed if kept in isolation and complete silence Also called the Philadelphia Pennsylvania or Solitary system Silent Congregate Systems of prison The Auburn system is an example of this Know which parts or branches of government operate the courts prisons and jails Courts Judicial Branch Prisons State and federal government Jails Cities or counties Local government Know what your text has to say concerning probation parole know the fundamental differences between the two you should have some idea of who John Augustus is as well as Alexander Machonachie and Sir Walter Crofton When reviewing your readings and discussions concerning parole You should focus on such things as Parole Boards Groups of people authorized by law to grant permission for offenders to serve the rest of their sentence in the community revocation definition and process See Below Intensive Supervision Parole Parole with strict limitations similar to Intensive when does parole occur It occurs when a prisoner is released from prison after Supervision Probation see below having served either a portion Is parole an extension of a sentence or a sentence An extension of a sentence Parole is in essence a conditional release from prison it allows a prisoner to finish their sentence outside of prison John Augustus 1841 he attended a boston police court and bailed out a common drunkard He returned to court 3 weeks later with the offender in tow now sober and changed This launched his 18 year career as a probation forerunner helped pass the first probation statute after his death Alexander Machonachie a penal reformer wrote about the critical state of the prisons disciplines His two basic principles of penology were that As cruelty debases both the victim and society punishment should not be vindictive but should aim at the reform of the convict to observe social constraints and A convict s imprisonment should consist of task not time sentences with release depending on the performance of a measurable amount of labour Sir Walter Crofton Further refinements in the mark system were developed in the mid 19th century by Sir Walter Crofton the director of Irish prisons In his program known as the Irish system prisoners progressed through three stages of confinement before they were returned to civilian life The first portion of the sentence was served in isolation After that prisoners were assigned to group work projects Who has jurisdiction over parole the courts The prisons and or parole boards Who When reviewing your readings and discussions concerning probation You should focus on Parole Boards Parole Officers such things as revocation definition and process A parole revocation hearing is a hearing before a judge to address whether the defendant violated a condition of his parole If the judge is reasonably satisfied that the defendant violated his parole the judge may send him back to prison or reinstate him on parole with added conditions Same thing for probation revocation Intensive Supervision Probation ISP is a highly structured program similar to home arrest and the defendant must comply with strict terms of probation Persons who are sentenced to ISP are offenders who in the absence of intensive supervision would have been sentenced to imprisonment The program eases the burden of prison overcrowding When does probation occur Probation is granted by the presiding judge it occurs when imposition of sentence is suspended or stayed This is in lieu of a prison commitment Who is the person credited with inventing developing probation Is probation an extension of a sentence or a sentence John Augustus A Sentence What is it a derivative of Probation is given as an alternative to jail as oppose to Parole which is the derivative of a Prison Sentence Who has jurisdiction over probation Probation is ordered to follow certain conditions set forth by the court often under the supervision of a probation officer Have some idea of what conditions are typically imposed on a parolee by a parole board Conditions of parole often include things such as obeying the law refraining from drug and alcohol use avoiding contact with the parolee s victims obtaining employment and maintaining required contacts with a parole officer Regarding juveniles have a general knowledge of juvenile delinquents status offenders neglected children and dependent children Juvenile Delinquents Delinquent children have committed acts that if committed by an adult would be criminal for example auto theft robbery and assault Status Offenders Acts that are illegal only if they are committed by juveniles are known Neglected Children One who is neglected as to proper or necessary support education as required by law Dependent Children A dependent child is either without a parent or guardian or is not receiving proper care because of the physical or mental disability of that as status offenses person Have a general knowledge of the history of juvenile justice in America and its important developments e g the denial and then granting of due process In re Gault 1967 established due process for Juveniles In 1974 Congress passed the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act which included provisions for the deinstitutionalization of status offenders truants runaways etc Since then efforts have been made to divert such children out of the system to reduce the possibility of incarceration and to rewrite the laws with regard to status offenses Have a general idea of the range of upper age limits for juveniles throughout the United States 16 18 Years old The acronym PINS applies to juveniles What does it stand for Persons In Need of Supervision Know what is meant by diversion intake hearing waiver hint there are two kinds of waiver Diversion A diversion program in the criminal justice system is a program run by a police department court a district attorney s office or outside agency criminal designed to enable alleged offenders of criminal law to avoid criminal charges and a
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