lOMoARcPSD 3454541 Exam 23 May 2016 questions and answers Introductory Biology Comparative Physiology Cornell University StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by yelena radutskaya radutskaya yahoo com lOMoARcPSD 3454541 Name Prelim 3 and Final BioG 1440 SP16 May 23 2016 Total pages in exam including cover 12 WATCH YOUR TIME This is a 2 hour and 30 minute test Name Student ID By signing below I acknowledge that I am abiding by Cornell University s Code Signature PLEASE 1 WRITE YOUR NAME on all pages of the exam 2 Be sure to fill out your full name and your 7 digit Cornell ID on the bubble sheet 3 Record answers to all multiple choice questions on the bubble sheet in pencil or pen and write answers to short answer questions directly on the exam in pen 4 Write legibly If we cannot read your answer we WILL NOT grade it 5 Use only the space provided Answers provided outside of space provided will not be graded 6 Do NOT use calculators or any other electronic devices 7 Write down the time and day your discussion section meets and circle the name of your TA Day and Time of your section Adam Bisogni Matt Lewis David Peck Adrian Powell Fahad Raza Glenn Stamps Prelim 3 Out of 74 Points Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q21 Q22 SA MC Total Final Out of 60 Points Q35 Q36 Q37 Q38 Q39 Q40 SA MC Total 1 Downloaded by yelena radutskaya radutskaya yahoo com lOMoARcPSD 3454541 Name PRELIM 3 QUESTIONS All multiple choice questions are worth 3 pts and all short answers are worth 4 pts possible 74 points total Multiple Choice Questions 1 During one cardiac cycle of the human heart which of the following events occurs 3rd among those listed below A Ventricular contraction B Firing of the AV atrioventricular node C Conduction of an action potential in the right and left branch bundle D Firing of the SA sinoatrial node E Contraction of the atria 2 Small multicellular animals do not need circulatory systems for O2 CO2 transport because A They do not need to do gas exchange B They do all their gas exchange through O2 pumps C Diffusion is sufficient for their gas exchange needs D The partial pressure of O2 and CO2 in their bodies relative to the environment is sufficient for gas exchange E They generate their own metabolic oxygen 3 Water beetles breathe gaseous oxygen so they carry around an air bubble at their rear end that they acquire at the water s surface What is true about this bubble A The bubble is nothing but oxygen and carbon dioxide there are no other gases in it B The oxygen in the bubble is replenished by passive exchange of dissolved gases C The bubble helps the bug maintain buoyancy in the fast currents in which it lives D The bubble essentially serves as an air tank which can only be refilled by surfacing E Water beetles excrete a substance toxic to other animals into the bubble to protect it 4 The Bohr Shift describes a phenomenon which promotes the delivery of oxygen to systemic tissue This shift occurs at active muscle because A a decrease in pH strengthens the hemoglobin oxygen bond B a decrease in pH weakens the hemoglobin oxygen bond C an increase in pH strengthens the hemoglobin oxygen bond D an increase in pH weakens the hemoglobin oxygen bond E None of the above 2 Downloaded by yelena radutskaya radutskaya yahoo com lOMoARcPSD 3454541 Name 5 Ventilation rate is primarily determined by A the body s need for O2 B the partial pressure of O2 in the systemic tissue C the partial pressure of CO2 in the blood D the degree of arterial constriction E the number of O2 saturated hemoglobin molecules in the blood 6 Open circulatory systems of insects are relatively inefficient compared to the closed circulatory system of humans Which of the following is a means of compensating for this inefficiency A They have a longer circulation time than humans B They move oxygen to tissues with a separate system C They have higher levels of circulating sugars D They have lower pressure E B and C 7 Which of the following is FALSE when comparing the aorta and the capillary bed A The cross sectional area of the capillary bed is larger than that of the aorta B Resistance is higher in the capillary bed than in the aorta C Net flow is generally the same in the aorta and the capillary bed D Linear velocity is higher in the capillary bed than in the aorta E Pressure is higher in the aorta than in the capillary bed 8 Imagine you are a biologist studying comparative nephrology in wild mice that live in different habitats Which characteristic below offers you the best way to discriminate between a mouse that lives in the desert and one that lives in a temperate forest Assume both mice are the same size A The desert mouse will have more juxtaglomerular cells because this will allow for greater water retention B The desert mouse will have smaller kidneys so that they can better regulate water reabsorption C The desert mouse will have larger glomerular capillaries so that they can reabsorb water faster D The desert mouse will have shorter loops of Henle so that they will lose less water to urine E The desert mouse will have a higher percentage of long loops of Henle because that will let them produce urine with a higher solute concentration 9 Which properties of a nephron have the largest impact on its ability to concentrate urine A The NaCl pumps and impermeability of water in the ascending limb B The presence of aquaporins and urea channels in the ascending limb C The NaCl pumps and impermeability of water in the descending limb D The hairpin loop and the distal convoluted tubule E The size of the Bowman s capsule and the length of the loop of Henle 3 Downloaded by yelena radutskaya radutskaya yahoo com lOMoARcPSD 3454541 Name 10 What is the primary function of the vasa recta A Carrying urea out of the interstitial fluids of the medulla B Absorbing nutrients from the primary filtrate C Adding salt to the medulla to generate the vertical gradient of salinity D Moving blood into the glomerulus inside the Bowman s capsule E Reabsorbing water from the medulla 11 Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which Angiotensin II promotes an increase in arterial blood pressure A Stimulating release of Aldosterone B Increasing salt appetite C Increasing thirst D Stimulating release of Vasopressin E Stimulating release of ANP BNP 12 Congestive heart failure is initially caused by A a chronic increase in the glomerular filtration rate B an decrease in renin levels C an decrease in aldosterone