Chapter 4- Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and GravityTermsMonday, January 14, yChapter 4- Making Sense of the Universe: Understand-ing Motion, Energy, and GravityTerms-Velocity: speed and direction-Acceleration: the rate at which velocity is changingAcceleration of Gravity-Ignoring air resistance all objects accelerate downwards at the same rate-What does this tell us about the velocity of a falling object, it continually increases-The acceleration of Gravity (g)= 10 m/s2 (commonly 9.8 m/s2)-Velocity increases by 10 m/s2How Newton Changed Our view of the universe -Realized the sam physical laws that operation on Earth also operation in the heavens• One Universe-Three Laws of motion• First-An object moves at a constant velocity unless a net force (push or pull) acts to change it’s speed or direction.-Inertia• Resistance to changing velocity. It’s directly proportional to an objects mass.1Monday, January 14, y• Second-F= m*a or a=F/m-Force= Mass * Acceleration-Te harder you push on something this faster it accelerates-more massive objects accelerate slower when pushed with the same force-An object will tontine to accelerate as long as it experiences a net force.• Third-For every force there is always an equal and opposite reaction force-Much more: experiments with light; first reflecting telescope, calculusMass versus Weight-Mass- the amount of matter in an object-Weight- the Force that acts upon an object duet o gravity-Is there gravity in space?• Yes• you only feel your weight if something pushes on you• You are “weightless in
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