Chem 1320 1st Edition Lecture 34Outline of Last Lecture I. VESPRII. Covalent BondingIII. Double BondIV. Triple BondV. Delocalized BondingOutline of Current LectureI. Thermochemistry II. General Categories of EnergyIII. Law of Conservation of EnergyIV. Transfer of EnergyV. Internal EnergyVI. Quantitate expression of the first law of thermodynamicsCurrent Lecture I. ThermochemistryFocus: energy change in chemical reactions or physical transformationsManifestations of energy: Mechanical- push/pull on an objectElectromagnetic- “photons” visible light and other forms of E/m radiationNuclear- energy “stored” in the nuclei of atomsChemical- energy stored in bondsII. General categories of energy:1. Kinetic- energy of motion 2. Potential- energy of position/ composition (stored) (found in chemical bonds) These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.III. Law of Conservation of Energy- Energy is neither created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed- Ignore E=mc2 mass is conserved in chemical reactionsIV. Transfer of Energy: 2 ways1. Heat: transfer of energy (kinetic) form a warm object to a cool one - Temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of an object- Actually the energy of the particles in the object- Energy flow form 1 2 across a boundary= heat2. Work: energy transfer that does something against an opposing force (w)- Mechanical work= opposing force x distanceV. Internal energy: energy of the system (kinetic and potential) Change of internal energy: 1. Transfer energy to the systema. Heat out: system gains energy (cooling down), surroundings. cool= endothermicb. Work done on the system by the surroundings 2. Transfer of energy out of the systema. Heat out: system loses energy (cooling down), surroundings heat= exothermic b. Work done on the system by the surroundingsVI. Quantitate expression of the first law of thermodynamics:- If heat flows in either the internal energy of the system increases or the system must do
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