ISS 210 1nd Edition Exam 1 Study Guide Book Review ISS 210 003 Society and the Individual Spring 2014 Dr Judy Pugh Study Guide for Scheper Hughes Saints Scholars and Schizophrenics Twentieth Anniversary Edition Preface to the 1982 Paperback pp xv xxi 1 Do the subjects of anthropological studies usually read published reports about their ways of life Did they read Scheper Hughes book Explain A1 Normally the subjects would have the book sent to them but they would be unable to read it so no they don t read the reports about their ways of life But in this day and age such invisibility of the anthropologist is not a reality The modern peoples that are studied today have the ability to read the publications and this is what happened with the Irish people and Hughes 2 Did the people of Ballybran lose or gain anything by virtue of Scheper Hughes study A2 They lost the unchallenged interpretation of meaning of their lives The people now overanalyze what used to be common sense they analyze their own society instead of just living it 3 What were the villagers complaints against S H s book A3 The villagers claim that secrets about their lives were now published for the whole world to see Prologue to the Original 1977 Edition pp xxvii xxviii 1 Who was Mag Moriarty and why does S H discuss her A1 Mag Moriarty was the queen of Ireland Hughes discusses her because she is an example of an event that can be overlooked even an event with such importance as the death of a queen can fall by the way side when all attention is directed to something else The prologue also serves as a comparable introduction to a book that is the most difficult piece of writing that Hughes has ever done Chapter 1 In Space and In Time 1 Briefly describe Ballybran s physical layout social structure and modes of economic production A1 there is a single central road that winds down a peninsula across a mountain ridge along a wild coastline and ends at the bay Most of the people live in 11 sister villages along the mountains The people in the mountains are mostly farmers shepherds and fisherman In the central village there are urbane people that provide recreational religous and educational needs Jobs include school teachers publicans postal workers drivers nurses repairmen etc Ironically equality and classlessness are supposedly upheld but it seems to go teachers shopkeepers farmers and then shepherds in this sort of caste system 2 In what terms does S H characterize Ballybran s world view and ethos A2 They tend to fear and mistrust outsiders stay familisitc view their land as holy their past as religious history and their language as sacred 3 What survivals of Celtic culture exist in the village s natural environment religious beliefs and social practices A3 They tend to only mary within their own parish and teach of non pagan christian ideas Each rock and hill has its own characteristics and value They have their patron saint Brendan and all things before are neat oppositional boundaries history geography and social life 4 When did the historical period begin in the parish A4 When Noah s granddaughter landed on the peninsula accompanied by 50 virgins and 3 young men The evidence is in the 3 prehistoric standing stones 5 Who is St Brendan A5 In the 5th century St Brendan introduced christianity to the village 6 What does S H mean when she says that St Brendan s monastic theology left its imprint on both Irish Catholicism and the ascetic personality of the Irish country man A6 By this Hughes means that the demand of the monastic theology in the 500 s was to be isolated fasting and self mortifying This left its impression on the people 7 In what ways have Celtic and Catholic beliefs merged together A7 The early meetings of the christians and the pagans produced a rich literary tradition with church latin mixed with vigorous phrasing of celtics It is even said that the sungod Lugh can be identified with Brendan in a festival 8 What reflections do you see in parish history of the historical antagonism between the English and the Irish A8 The tell stories of the horrible penal times in which queen elizabeth in november 1580 on the tip of the dingle peninsula 9 What and when was the Great Famine A9 The great famine is also known as the potatoe famine It struck in 1845 disease and hunger went rampant as the main food supply was depleted Chapter 2 The People Left Behind 1 In broad terms how has the quality of life in western Ireland changed since the 1940s A1 It is obviously more modern There are less hands to do any traditional fieldwork and often times tractors are rented otherwise crops will rot People have moved away and they sometimes return to visit historical values Although Familism is dead in Ireland people still work as if extended families are going to help them like the old economy 2 Define familism A2 Familism is dependency upon and reciprocity within wide circles of near and far out kin 3 Briefly outline the decline in population and the change in household composition in Ballybran over the last century A3 Prior to great famine Ballybran parish was at 2 722 in population Early marriage was norm and families were large Then came the famine population was cut in half and it influenced new marriage and birth patterns along with emigration Today it is barely at 461 people 4 How has the nature of rural Irish women s emigration changed since World War II A4 Before world war 2 women would leave in order to get money and experiences and then return after 2 or 5 years Now the women that leave have very little intention of ever returning 5 Compare statistics on the male and female farm population in Kerry Country Note the problems of celibacy childlessness and aging of the Irish farm population A5 The men after age 18 outnumber them 3 to 1 Only in the 75 and above category are they equal The celibacy causes a lack of heirs and the old aging are change nor production conscious 6 What influences have these demographic problems had on agricultural development and values associated with traditional life A6 Agricultural development has declined because of the multitude of old farmers that practice ONLY traditional methods and will not work with anyone outside of their family 7 Discuss the assumptions about traditional agrarian life which have informed the agricultural policies of the Irish government A7 Land equals status in the village and often times the fields go underutilized The way these people farm and the way they view