CHEM 1061 1ST Edition Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. Last lecture was a review session for Midterm 2Outline of Current Lecture II. Electron Configuration for Cl, Br, and IIII. Transition ElementsIV. Periodic Trendsa. Atomic Size (Radius)b. Ionization Energyc. Electron Affinity Current LectureElectron Configuration for Cl, Br, and ICl: (17 e-) 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(2)3p(5)Br: (15 e-) 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(2)3p(6)4s(2)3d(10)4p(5)I: (53 e-) 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(2)3p(6)4s(2)3d(10)4p(6)5s(2)4d(10)5p(5)Full e- configuration start at 1s then fill the rest incondensed configuration is called noble gas shorthandNoble gas shorthand for Br:[1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(2)3p(6)]4s(2)3d(10)4p(5) [Ar] = first 18 electrons[Ar]4s(2)3d(10)4p(5)Inner (core) electrons: LOWEST energy electrons; complete seriesvalence electrons: highest n value electrons (for main group: s + p block)Noble Gas shorthand for I:[1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(2)3p(6)4s(2)3d(10)4p(6)]5s(2)4d(10)5p(5) [Kr][Kr]5s(2)4d(10)5p(5)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Ground State electron configuration= electrons are in lowest energy state, filling up in increasingenergyEx: F = 1s(2)2s(2)2p(5)Excited State= SAME NUMBER OF ELECTRONS but some are not in the lowest energy state.Ex: What element am I? 1s(2)2s(1)3d(5)4s(1) answer: fluorine. (count electrons)Excited ground = EMIT a photonTransition ElementsTable 8.4 in textbook.(n-1)d fill between ns(2) and np(6)3d between 4s(2) and 4p(6)Predict:Cu: [Ar]4s(2)3d(9)Actual:Cu: [Ar]4s(1)3d(10)Extra stability with half-filled and fully filled subshells.(copper and chromium families does this)Filling in f orbital:Pb: (82 e-): [Xe]6s(2)4f(14)5d(10)6p(2)Periodic Trends1) Atomic Size (radius)2) Ionization Energy3) Electron Affinity (going to spend less time on this)Atomic Size (Radius)Atomic radius is ½ the distance between adjacent nuclei. Smallest largest = Northeast southwest (ON PERIODIC TABLE)Smallest Largest = North South Down a group adding more shells of electrons which increase the N value meaning larger atoms.Largest Smallest = West EastHigher z(efficiency); pulls electrons in stronger smaller
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