Biology lecture 3/18/15Bryophytes: all non-vascular plants1. Overall plant diversity2. Phylum bryophyte- Evolutionary relationships- Generalized life cycle- Sporophyte/gametophyte featuresBryophytes, Seedless vascular, seed-bearing: 3 general groups of kingdom Plantae10 extant phylaPhyla for Bryophytes: Liverworts, Hornworts, mossesPhyla for seed plants: Ginkophyta, Cycadophyta, Gnetophyta, Coniferophyta, Angiosperms, and AnthophytaPhyla for vascular plants: Lycophyta and PterophytaBryophyte “primitive” features- Non vascular - Flagellate sperm, require the presence of H2O to reach the egg- Seedless, dispersal by spores only- Gametophyte: dominant in life stageBryophyta: mossesHepatophyta: liverwortsAnthocerophyta: HornwortsThe three phyla are not closely relatedPhylum bryophyta2 important classes of phylum bryophyta: Bryidae and sphagnidaeGeneralized bryophyte (moss) life cycleSporophyte- Small, short lived- Initially “heterotrophic” on gametophyteGametophyte- “dominant” stage in life cycle- Perennial, autrotrophic- Sporophyte morphology- Capsule/sporangium- Seta- CalyptraOpening to capsule initially covered by operculumOperculum removal permits spore discharge from capsule regulated by perstomal teethGametophyte morphologyConsists of- Filamentous immature protonema stage- Leafy, adult stage (gametophore)Ecological importance of mosses: nutrient cycling, water cycling, soil stabilizationBryophytes are low in nutritional valueQuizlet link:
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