PSYC 210 1st Edition Lecture 5Outline of Current Lecture I. Male AnatomyII. Sperm TravelogueIII. Changes in the Menstrual CycleOutline of Current LectureI. Finishing up Chapter 3II. Lifespan Sexual DevelopmentCurrent Lecture- Review- Menarche, menstruation, and??o Menarche Menstruation The first menstrual experience/cycleo Celebrations vs. taboos Relatively taboo in the USThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Some cultures celebrate it because they see it as a way to encourage women to take on new roles- PMS vs. PMDDo PMS Premenstrual syndrome The idea that a few days before having your menstrual flow start, women are moody and irritable Doesn’t exist in all cultures It correlates with whether or not it’s taboo or celebrated- When it’s taboo, women are much more likely to have PMS- When it’s celebrated, women are much less likely to have PMSo PMDD Premenstrual dysphoric disorder Severe symptoms that look like depression and anxiety that happen in a cyclical cycle and is related to the menstrual cycle. Common treatments are birth control pills and antidepressants Youtube.com/watch?v=0Ct5-YP3e50Chapter 10- Lifespan Sexual Development - Ageso Infancy (0-1) Self-exploration of their own bodies- Random at first as they don’t have much control of their actions at first Touch for caregivers- Big part of sexual development- Hugs, kisses, blowing raspberries - Babies crave touch in order to feel safe and secure- Help set up the types of relationship we will have as adults- if they give you healthy love and care, you’re more likely to have healthy relationships and vice versao Early childhood (2-6) Self-exploration- Curious about how their bodies work Other exploration- Curious about how other’s bodies work Interest in differences between boys and girls- They know the difference between boys and girls - They believe for the most part that boys grow up to be men and girls grow up to be women Constraining sexual behavior- Children don’t understand the rules of exploration- Children might touch themselves during inappropriate timeso If they happen to do this in public, tell them that it’s private behavior and try to distract them rather than punish themo Violent sexual behavior could be a sign of sexual abuseo School age (7-11) Freud’s theory- Lines up with the latency stage- Kids a still very interested in how their bodies are developing Cultural differences in sex play- When kids start to play doctor- Spin the bottle- Kids learn to take that behavior underground, because they know adults don’t like it- When girls are caught in sexual play, they’re punished more than boys- Other cultures encourage their children to have sex playo Doesn’t mean they’re encouraging their children to have sex, but that they’re more lenient on letting their kids explore themselves moreo Puberty Process of reproductive and sexual maturation that occurs over several years- Adrenarche (starts at age 6-8)o Adrenal glands secretes a hormone called DHEA which is converted to testosterone and estrogeno Produces hormones that lead to sex hormones- Gonadarche (occurs a few years later)o Pituitary gland secretes SFH and LHo Testes start to produce sperm and testosteroneo Ovaries start to produce sufficient estrogen and progesterone and first period- Secondary sex characteristicso Changes in the brain that increases sexual attraction and sexual desireo Risk taking increaseso Sexual attraction starts at age 10 for most people which is after Adrenarche but before Gonadarcheo People start masturbating to orgasm around the Gonadarche phaseo The sex play that occurs becomes more sexual Pubertal changes in girls- First signo Breast buds- small fatty deposits o Growth spurt (ages 12-16)o Fatty deposits at the hips and butt- Other changeso Pubic hair starts to developo Underarm hair (mostly caused by testosterone)o Overactive sweat and oil glands (also caused by testosterone)- Menarche occurs - Most women are fully done growing by the end of high school- Youtube.com/watch?v=j_mFJ2d0qxQ Pubertal changes in boys- First signo The growth of the testicles and scrotum - Other changeso Testosterone stimulates the growth of the penis, seminal vesicles and prostate glando Pubic hair and genital growth usually starts at age 11-12 and typically done growing around age 15o Underarm hair, chest hairo Sweat and sebaceous glands (oil glands)o Facial hair The need to shave is different among most peopleo Voice deepening- Nocturnal emissionso “Wet dreams” While you’re sleeping, you ejaculate Normal and happens to a lot of boys during the early pubertal stages- Youtube.com/watch?v=Yvw7QGytgNQ Precocious & delayed puberty- Precocious Pubertyo Puberty occurring earlyo Before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in boyso More common in girlso Premature activation of the pituitary glands leads to the activation of an early menstrual cycleo Menarche is occurring more and more early Potential causes are thought to include chemical pollutants, the things we eat, and more fat deposits earlier- Delayed Pubertyo Puberty that happens later than average; “late bloomers”o Treatment more common among boys Identified among boys have failed to growo Boys given GNRH (helps release testosterone) or testosterone