KIN 292 1st Edition Exam 1 Study Guide Lectures 1 11 This is the Practice Exam One given by Professor Starnes For each question there is either a definition or explanation for why the choices are right or wrong There are six questions that I have not written up an explanation for because we either did not cover it in class or I could not find the resources to answer the question Good luck on the exam 1 A These are all types of epithelial tissue B These are all types of organ systems C Neurons muscles epithelial and connective tissue Although more than 200 distinguishable kinds of cells are present in the body there are only four major classes 1 neurons 2 muscle cells 3 epithelial cells 4 connective tissue cells pg 3 D This line up is supposed to be for the organization of the body 1 1 pg 2 3 b but is incorrect The line up should be Cells Tissues Organs and Organ Systems E These are all types of systems of organ systems 2 A Tissue a collection of cells performing similar functions pg 5 B Two or more tissues combined for form a structure that allows each tissue to function independently not a definition for anything C A collection of cells that function independently of one another not a definition for anything D Organs A combination of two or more tissues that make up a structure which performs a specific function pg 5 E A collection of tissues that function independently of one another not a definition for anything Note organ system collection of organs that work together to perform certain functions pg 5 3 A Filtration fluid from the bloodstream enter the tubules in the kidneys pg 7 B Excretion unabsorbed materials remain in the gastrointestinal tract and are ultimately eliminated from the body as feces pg 7 C Secretion the stomach uses materials from the blood to produce acids and protein that are then transported into the lumen pg 7 D Absorption in gastrointestinal tract the water inorganic salts and nutrients obtained from digested food are transported from lumen to the bloodstream pg 7 E Reabsorption as fluid travels along the length of the tubules needed materials are selectively transported back into the bloodstream 4 A Intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid no because intracellular fluid is not one of the two extracellular types Intracellular and extracellular are two kinds of total body water kinds Intracellular is fluid inside the cell and extracellular is fluid outside the cell B Intracellular and plasma no again because intracellular is not an extracellular type C Intracellular fluid and blood no because blood is not found in these fluid compartments Extracellular fluid is found in the blood not the other way around D Interstitial fluid and plasma Of the total volume of extracellular fluid approximately 20 is found in the blood and the remainder is found outside the blood The portion that is present in the blood is plasma The portion that is present outside of the blood and that bathes most of the cells in the body is called ISF Pg 8 E Interstitial fluid and blood No same as C Fluid is found in the blood not the other way around 5 Homeostasis maintenance of relatively constant conditions in the internal environment pg 9 A B C D E No does not affect external environment No does not affect external environment Maintains a constant internal environment No the conditions are not variable No does not affect the external environment Stimulus stressor Sensors what detect a regulated variable and are sensitive to change Integrating center set of circuits in the brain endocrine gland It is the center that compares the regulated variable to the set point Effector signals that the integrating center sends out to cells tissues or organs that bring the final response Regulated variable body s temperature that stays within narrow limits Negative feedback control if a regulated variable increases the system responds by making it decrease if it decreases the system responds by making it increase 6 Definitions found on pages 10 12 A sensor detects a change in a regulated variable and sends that information to the integrating center which relays signals to an effector Answer is A 7 Less than 139 is considered normal Pre diabetics have fasting blood glucose levels of 100 125 mg dl Greater than 200 mg dl indicates diabetes pg 15 Answer is A 8 Slide 44 PowerPoint 1 A No Fasting plasma glucose test 60 100 mg dl normal 70 99 is range used by many others 100 125 mg dl pre diabetes 125 mg dl diabetes leads to eye disease kidney disease nerve damage B no Oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose 2 hours after consuming 75 grams glucose DM slows glucose removal 139 mg dl normal 140 199 mg dl pre diabetes 200 mg dl diabetes C Yes Hemoglobin A1 level of Hb coated with sugar Marker of blood glucose for 2 3 months life span of red blood cell Glucose only enters RBC when concentrations are high D This is not a real test E This is not a real test 9 A Epithelial are found in tissues called epithelia which consist of a continuous sheet like layer of cells in combination with a thin underlying layer of non cellular material called basement membrane pg 4 B Connective is the most diverse This cells type includes blood cells bone cells fat cells and many other kinds of cells that seems to have little in common in of structure and function pg 5 C Nervous nerve cells are specialized to transmit information in the form of electrical signals pg 4 D Muscle aka muscle fibers are specialized to contract thereby generating mechanical form and movement pg 4 E Endocrine not a kind of tissue 10 Refer to question 9 C Nervous nerve cells are specialized to transmit information in the form of electrical signals pg 4 11 A Intracellular fluid located inside of the cell 2 3 of TBW is in the ICF and 1 3 of TBW is in the ECF B plasma type of extracellular fluid C Extracellular fluid located outside of the cell refer to quote above D no E Interstitial fluid type of extracellular fluid 12 Thermoreceptors are specialized nerve cells that are able to detect difference in temperature Temperature is a relative measure of heat present in the environment Thermoreceptors are able to detect hear and cold and are found throughout the skin in order to allow sensory reception A No because we thermoreceptors do not specifically deal with blood temperature B No because we are not talking about the temperature of the heart when we talk about thermoreceptors C Thermoreceptors don t deal with the hypothalamus D Yes thermoreceptors deal