GEOG 1114 1st Edition Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture Introduction to the Atmosphere -Roles and Characteristics of the Atmosphere-Characteristics- Composition Atmospheric Particulates/Aerosols Vertical Structure/Pressure/Composition of the AtmosphereAtmospheric Pressure/Air Pressure Outline of Current Lecture-Atmospheric Composition- based on gas distribution -Human Induced Atmospheric change -Weather and Climate -Solar energy (Insolation) and temperature-Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) -Electromagnetic Spectrum Current Lecture Atmospheric Composition – based on Gas distributionHomosphere: uniform vertical distribution of gasses throughout the lowest 50 miles of the atmosphere.Heterosphere: Layer above the homosphere where gasses are layered in accordance their molecular masses.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Nitrogen below, with oxygen, helium & hydrogen aboveOzone Layer (Ozonosphere): found between 15 and 48 km-Composed of 3 molecules-Absorbs UV light and filters these rays to protect life-Hole found in – caused by CFC’s -Montreal Protocol – 84 – International Treaty phasing out CFC’s Problem slowed Ionosphere: deep layer of electrically charged molecules in upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. -Aids long-distance communication and known for is auroral displaysHuman Induced Atmospheric ChangeThere are three major impacts1.) Depletion of the Ozone Layer- this lead to certain regulations on CFC’s that were used in aerosols and air conditioning units. 2.) Air Pollution- Acid rain and the Asian Brown Cloud3.) Climate Change- Greenhouse gasses CO2 Methane NO2 - .039 -> .050 Weather and Climate-Weather is a daily condition-Climate is long-term averages and patterns and what to expect.4 Major Elements of Weather and Climate1. Temperature – Changes daily and seasonally because we tilt and revolve.2. Pressure - Change of pressure gradient creates wind. 3. Moisture– Dynamics in the atmosphere creates changes in temperature creating changes in moisture.4. Wind Solar Energy (Insolation) and TemperatureSolar Energy – Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)-Major source of energy for our planet - driving force of the atmosphere-Sun – giant thermonuclear reactor producing energy by fusion-Wave Form:-Travels in Electromagnetic waves – speed of light-Waves are classified by wavelength and frequency-Wavelengths measured in micrometers (m) -Incoming solar radiation – insolation – shortwave radiation – fairly constant-Outgoing terrestrial radiation – longwave – reflected – thermal infrared –variable-Travel with a loss of energyElectromagnetic Spectrum-Insolation characterized by wavelengths makes up the EM spectrum -Portions of the Spectrum-Incoming solar radiation – most comes in the form of visible light - constantFacts about Visible Light Spectrum -LCD- Liquid crystal display, shoot liquid and the crystals refract the light giving you the color-Infrared light- cannot see it but you can use it in terms of film. WW2, plants reflect differently when seen through infrared, military can make that distinction between camouflage and vegetation using infrared imaging. -FM radio came in the 70s with rock and roll-Incandescent fluorescent: Electricity-1893: Edison gave us incandescence. Tesla was fluorescent. -Now we have halogen and Led lights. Led are better on your eyes. -We are banning incandescent lights and moving to fluorescent, Australia has banned them all
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