BIOL 11000 1st Edition Lecture 2Foundations in Chemistry and Physics - How has all of this come about? - Evolution constrained by fundamental physical principles that is physics and chemistry - See this constraint in hierarchy of the living and non-living o Ecosystems are made of interacting organisms o Organisms are made of interacting cells molecules are made of atoms o Atoms are made of subatomic particlesInteractions - Interactions are characterized by a combination of matter, energy, information, and organizationo Matter- what all molecules and everything in our usual experience is made ofo Energy that hold atoms together into molecules o Info in sequence of DNA molecule that determine how the cells in a growing hild develop. o Organization of molecules into different places in a cell. o All interactions characterized by matter, energy, info and organizationo Info is abstract but physically contained inside biological moleculeso Organization is maintained by life itself  Maintains it in a particular arrangement  Needed for cells to create other cells  Lack of organization IS DEATH Properties of evolved biology vs. natural chemistry/Physics - Forming atoms and then molecules is a natural consequence of electrons - Biological objects have evolved to interacto When it enhances reproduction and survival These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Evolution has led to biological interactions that are particularly complex o Often called “emergent properties” of biological systems Some (very fundamental) Physics - All the “stuff” in the universe had traditionally been separated into: matter and energyo Physical stuff that makes up objects = matter- Matter was traditionally o Has mass - Inertia: f=ma, the more mass, the more force required to accelerate. - Matter attracts other matter by gravity o I=Gm1 m2/r2- Energy was some other “stuff” just as real but different from matter. Not as solid. Special Relativity- Einstein’s Theory of special relativity overturned separation of matter and energy o Simple idea with surprising consequences o All physical laws must be the same for all observers o Consequence with keeping laws and speed of light constant is everything else we think as constant must change- mass, length, etc. - Length and time are relative to the observer - Special relativity “sets the stage” for the structure of the universe, its length, masses, and time. - 2nd major consequence is a universal connection between mass and enerby E=mc^2 - Altering the energy content of any object alters its mass o Physicists now believe there is really only one kind of