Psych 210Prof. JuraskaExam 3 – Spring 2011FORM AInstructions: For each question, choose the best possible answer among the choices given. There is onlyone best possible answer for each question.1. During which stage does a cell get specified to be a neuron?A. proliferation C. migrationB. myelination D. differentiation2. During human adolescence, the volume of gray matter of the cerebral cortex_______ and the white matter _______.A. decreases; increases C. increases; increasesB. increases; decreases D. decreases; decreases3. The number of neurons in the adult rat AVPV isA. greater in females. C. the same in both sexes.B. greater in males. D. greater in females if they are given T in adulthood.4. The liverA. secretes insulin. C. secretes glucagon.B. stores glycogen. D. secretes leptin.5. If an axon has collateral branches that remain intact after damage, it willA. not undergo anterograde degeneration. C. regrow any cut branches.B. not undergo retrograde degeneration. D. both A and B6. The ovaries are removed from an XX rat at birth. As an adult, this rat willA. mount, intromit and ejaculate if given T.B. mount but with no ejaculation if given T.C. do the lordosis posture if given E and P.D. not be able to do any sexual behavior regardless of hormone injections.7. Lordosis is a posture that occurs A. in both male and female rats when their hormones are high.B. in female rats when E and P are high.C. in female rats at any time during their cycle.D. none of the above8. During development, the growth of the clitoris requiresA. estrogen. C. FSH.B. Mullerian inhibiting hormone. D. none of the above9. What is the signal for hunger in the blood in the post-absorptive phase?A. decreasing insulin C. increasing insulinB. increasing glycogen D. decreasing glucose10. Melatonin is secreted by theA. SCN. C. pineal gland.B. adrenal gland. D. pituitary gland.11. An adult XY person with androgen insensitivity hasA. testes and Wolffian ducts. C. ovaries and Mullerian ducts.B. Mullerian ducts with no gonads. D. testes and neither duct system.12. When the lateral hypothalamus is lesioned, axons are cut that pass through the nucleus and carry several neurotransmitters. What inevitably happens to these cut axons?A. retrograde degenerationB. more myelinationC. anterograde degeneration and regrowth of the cut endsD. anterograde degeneration but no regrowth of the cut ends13. When does T secretion peak during human development?A. first trimester C. third trimesterB. second trimester D. at birth14. High adenosine makes youA. sleepy. C. hungry.B. alert. D. not hungry.15. Oligodendroglia are part of which stage of neuronal development?A. proliferation C. migrationB. myelination D. differentiation16. If an XX rat is given T at birth, as an adult it will have ___________ compared to an XX rat with no T added. A. more neurons in all of the nuclei in the mPOAB. fewer neurons in the INAH 3C. more neurons in the SDND. a larger SCN17. Which of the following brain areas is NOT known to be involved in sleep and wakefulness?A. reticular formation C. hypothalamusB. locus coeruleus D. cerebellum18. The arcuate nucleus monitors the amount ofA. glucose in the blood. C. insulin in the blood.B. adenosine in the brain. D. leptin in the blood.19. An adult XY person with androgen insensitivity hasA. female external genitalia C. external genitalia that are in between male and femaleB. male external genitalia20. Lesions of what brain area result in a rat that will sink in room temperature water, but swim in ice water?A. SCN C. SDNB. lateral hypothalamus D. arcuate nucleus21. Neurotrophic factorsA. increase AMPA receptors. C. inhibit Mullerian duct development.B. stop apoptosis. D. increase NMDA receptors.22. An XXY person will haveA. male external genitalia. C. external genitalia that are in between male and female.B. female external genitalia . D. none of the above – this genotype cannot survive.23. Rats are born in such an immature state that theyA. can only nurse after a few days of growth. C. do not yet have gonads.B. cannot urinate unless licked by the mother.24. Adults cannot A. increase the number of glia. C. grow long axons.B. grow dendrites. D. add and subtract synapses.25. AMPA receptors A. are only present during development.B. create a synaptic potential if glutamate binds to them. C. decrease if NMDA receptors open.D. open only if NMDA receptors are used.26. The indifferent gonad is found inA. males only. C. the first trimester of human development.B. females only. D. rats that have had their testes removed at birth.27. Are there sex differences in math ability?A. yes, males have higher ability on averageB. yes, females are more variable in their abilityC. yes, males are more variable in their abilityD. no, there are no differences in the average or variability28. Circannual rhythms are controlled by theA. length of the day. C. temperature.B. endogenous cues. D. pituitary gland.29. Which of the following does NOT predispose males to have a homosexual orientation?A. a large number of older brothersB. a family with a high incidence of homosexuals on the paternal sideC. a family with a high incidence of homosexuals on the maternal sideD. having an identical twin that is homosexual30. When do male rats secrete T during development?A. entirely before birth (prenatally) C. both before and after birthB. entirely after birth (postnatally)31. Epigenetic influences on behavior can occur becauseA. a gene has been turned off and this will be passed to the next generation.B. there is a mutation in the structure of a gene.C. T was secreted during development.D. of circadian rhythms.32. Lesions of the mPOA in ratsA. irreversibly stops sexual behavior in both males and females.B. decreases T in males and E and P in females.C. interferes with male sexual motivation.D. stops rats of both sexes from eating.33. Ovulation is directly caused byA. luteinizing hormone. C. progesterone.B. follicle stimulating hormone. D. falling levels of estrogen.34. Sugar drinks increase the secretion of _______ which _______.A. adenosine; increases leptin C. insulin; increases hunger B. glucagon; decreases hunger D. melatonin; increases sleep35. Males who identified themselves as homosexual had ____________ in their INAH3 compared to males presumed to be heterosexual.A. fewer neurons C. the same number of neuronsB. more neurons36. Which of the following hormone(s) cause production of sperm in the testes of adult males?A. testosterone C.