BS 162 1st Edition Lecture 3 Current Lecture Introduction to Genetics Genetics Big Ideas 1 Tracking the origin and movement of genetic information and the storage and flow of that information 2 How do we have variation in phenotype with same genotypes 3 Why do siblings share traits with parents and each other Genetics the study of heredity and variation in organisms What is inherited DNA chromosomes and alleles What is the function of genetic material Storing organizing and transmitting genetic information How is the genetic material inherited Reproduction mitosis and meiosis What accounts for variation Mutation and sexual recombination DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid blueprints of life Controls cells can replicate is copied to produce proteins RNA Ribonucleic Acid Both DNA and RNA are macromolecules that hold copy and utilize information How many strands of DNA Un replicated chromosomes have 1 double strand of DNA Replicated have 2 double strands of DNA Sister chromatids are the two sides of each chromosome and contain the same DNA information DNA Genes Gene is a region of DNA that influences a particular characteristic in an organism You get one copy of each chromosome from your mother and from your father Homologous Chromosomes These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Two chromosomes that are the same length and have the same genes on them they are not identical Variation Differences in DNA different characteristics or alleles An allele is a sequence that occupies a given locus position on a chromosome Usually alleles are sequences that code for a gene Variation cont Different alleles of versions of a gene are what make individuals different Hair colors eye colors height etc