BS 162 1st Edition Lecture 3 Current LectureIntroduction to GeneticsGenetics Big Ideas1) Tracking the origin and movement of genetic information and the storage and flow of that information2) How do we have variation in phenotype with same genotypes?3) Why do siblings share traits with parents and each otherGenetics: the study of heredity and variation in organismsWhat is inherited? DNA, chromosomes, and allelesWhat is the function of genetic material? Storing, organizing and transmitting genetic informationHow is the genetic material inherited? Reproduction, mitosis, and meiosisWhat accounts for variation? Mutation and sexual recombinationDNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid – “blueprints of life”. Controls cells, can replicate, is copied to produce proteinsRNA: Ribonucleic Acid**Both DNA and RNA are macromolecules that hold, copy, and utilize information**How many strands of DNA?- Un-replicated chromosomes have 1 double strand of DNA- Replicated have 2 double strands of DNA- Sister chromatids are the two sides of each chromosome and contain the same DNA informationDNA & GenesGene is a region of DNA that influences a particular characteristic in an organism. You get one copy of each chromosome from your mother and from your father.Homologous ChromosomesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Two chromosomes that are the same length, and have the same genes on them – they are not identical! Variation- Differences in DNA  different characteristics or alleles- An allele is a sequence that occupies a given locus (position) on a chromosome. Usually alleles are sequences that code for a geneVariation cont.- Different alleles of versions of a gene are what make individuals different- Hair colors, eye colors, height,