GLG 112 1st Edition Lecture 4Outline of Last Lecture I. What is the theory of Plate Tectonics?A. Observations1. Volcanoes and earthquakes2. Topography and Bathymetry3. Sea Floor AgeB. Definition = “Earth’s lithosphere is broken into plates that move.”II. How does it work and why?A. Answer = through the internal heat of the earthB. Heat transfer1. Conduction = the movement of heat through solid material (i.e. how a metal pot gets hot on the stove)2. Convection = the movement of heat through substances that flow (i.e. boilingwater)Outline of Current Lecture Plate boundariesI. DivergentA. OceanB. ContinentsC. Young plate boundariesII. ConvergentA. Subduction1. Oceanic2. ContinentalCurrent LectureThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Divergent plate boundaries are where plates are pulling away from each other in order to form a new lithosphere. They can be the cause of earthquakes and volcanoes. Most of these boundaries are found in the ocean.In the ocean divergent plate boundaries are called sea floor spreading, which is where the ocean is moving apart. It moves at a rate of two to four inches per year. Mid ocean ridges are the mountains on either side of divergent plate boundaries. Topography is how they measure elevation. An example of a mid ocean ridge is the Mid Atlantic Ridge.Continental drifting is when the divergent plates are moving apart under the continents. This forms rift valleys and eventually this drifting becomes sea floor spreading. Here are a couple examples of young plate boundaries. First, the red sea is a good example of sea floor spreading. Second, the east African rift valley is a good example of continental drifting. Convergent plate boundaries are places where plates are coming together. Subduction is where one plate goes down underneath another. These create trenches, earthquakes, and volcanoes (on the overriding plate). There are two types of convergent plate boundaries. They are oceanic and continental and also oceanic and
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