FANR 3060 1st Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last LectureI. Weathering con’tII. Soil Profile FormationIII. The 4 processesOutline of Current LectureI. The 5 factorsChapter 2con’tI. The 5 factors : environmental factors that affect how the 4 factors worka. Parent materiali. Mineralsii. Felsic = light1. Granite, quartz2. Sandyiii. Mafic = dark1. Ferromagnesium2. Clayey, Feb. Climatei. Regionalii. Cold, dry = ArcticThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. Hot, wet = tropics1. Mainly iron oxides – most stable mineral iv. Rain = leaching, translocationv. Temp = rate of chemical reactionsc. Timei. Eventually everything will go to mushii. Old, infertile = acidd. Organismsi. Vegetation1. Diff vegetation = diff soil typesii. Hardwoods1. “normal soil”a. Has to do with humus (organic matter) in the soilb. Moderate amount of organic matteri. Lots of leavesii. Leaves are high in basesiii. Bases = Ca, Mg, K, Naiv. Bases are good for the soil – they’re the nutrients plants needc. Medium A horiziii. Conifers1. Acidica. O horizon is low in bases2. Big Oi horizon, thin/raggedy Aa. Pine needles don’t decompose, so not a lot of humus3. Bh horizon exists hereiv. Flatwoods1. No pure pine stands2. Made of live oak, palmetto, bay treesa. High in tanninsi. Very solubleii. Results in black water – leaching of tannins from the O horiz1. Only happens on marine/sandy parent materialv. Prairie1. Corn belta. Great soil2. Huge amount of organic matter deposited every yeara. Lots of humus3. Deep, dark A horiza. High in basesvi. Fig 2.6 – major native vegetation types1. Short and long grass praries2. Need fire to maintain the plainsa. Indians used to use fire to herd buffaloi. “Buffalo jumps”ii. This killed a lot of the treesb. Lightening also caused fire3. Northern conifersa. Spruce, long-leaf pine, larch, fir, red/white pinee. Topographyi. Steep1. Shallow2. High elevationii. Flat1. Deep soil2. Lower elevationsiii. Very short range1. Can differ from bottom to top of a
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