COM 123 1st Edition Lecture 2The Rhetorical Situation• Objective vs. Opportunity-Which is better? Why do we want one over the other?1. Objective: Having an objective is like having a to-do list. It is generic, straight forward,and leaves no room for creativity or advancement.2. Opportunity: Learning, advancing, and being emotionally involved. Achieves an objective along with moving toward others.-Abiding by the Rhetorical Situation creatives opportunity, not an objective• Components of the Rhetorical Situation1. Occasion: The instance in when the speaker is speaking. Three types:A. Ceremonial: Wedding, graduationB. Deliberate: Planning, political speech, Presidential address C. Forensic: Judgement speech, done by lawyers or critics2. Audience: The people to which the speaker is speaking to. The speakers goal is to reach common ground with his/her audience.3. Speech: The speech itself must be clear and organized to be considered successful.A. Preparation: The average TED talks speaker maps out ideas, puts those ideasinto an outline, and practices the speech over 200 times.B. Presentation: The presentation itself, but a presentation is only considered a presentation if preparation has occurred.C. Exigence: The problem or issue the speaker is raising awareness for.4. Speaker: The speaker needs to appeal to the audience using rhetorical devices.A. Logos: The structure and logic of the speechB. Pathos: The emotional appeal to the audience, through laughter, sadness, personal connections, or any type of emotion.C. Ethos: The credibility that the speaker must elaborate on before he/she can gain the audiences trust.• Components of the Rhetorical Cannon1. Invention: the brainstorming, preparation, or original idea for a speech.2. Arrangement: How the speech is organized, the order of the signposting.3. Style: the way the speaker talks and non-verbal messagesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.4. Memory: The average audience only walks away with 20% of the speakers speech.• Methods of Presentation1. Memorized: Risks forgetting valuable or important aspects of the speech.2. Manuscript: Written down. Lacks interaction with the audience because the speaker tends to rely heavily on the manuscript.3. Extemporaneous: The most ideal method of presentation. Half memorized, half written down. A note card can be used for reference and to ensure all points all covered. Gives the speaker confidence in the speech itself, but also the confidenceto interact with the audience without fear of forgetting the