BIO 182Bang, Michel (Christofer)2013 SpringWeek 2Lecture 4January 23Major Origins of Multicellularity1) Myxobacteriaa) Red-shaped bacteriab) Reproduce close to each other and form a swarmc) Under right conditions, form cysts, or microspores, lifted up into the air on a stalkd) Chondromyces2) Actinomycetesa) Soil bacteriab) Form-thread-like filmamentsc) Streptomyces3) Cyanobacteriaa) Mostly multicellularb) Form resistant sporesc) Division of laborPhotosynthetic CellsNitrogen-fixing cellsFungi- Body is a mycelium-composed of tubular filaments called hyphae- Asexual reproduction fungii) Production of haploid spores in sporangiaii) Production of spores at hyphae tipsiii) Cell division by unicellular fungi-fission or budding- Sexual reproductioni) Hyphae of different mating types meet and fuse to form diploid zygoteii) Zygote undergoes meiosis to produce haploid sporesBrown Algae and Diatoms- Multicellular due to rigid cell walls (CW) that failed to separate upon divison- Some form colonies, anchored to the ocean floorCiliates- Many colonial forms- Attached to the surface- Cells can be linked by a muscle threadThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Cellular slime molds- Feed as separate amoeba- Aggregate into collection of cells - Clump of cells becomes a multicellular that contains resistant sporesAnimals- Choanocytes-sponges bring water into their body by beating flagella of specialized cells- Cells are similar to choanoflagellate protists- Sponges and invertebrates have different orginisBiofilm: Prokayotic adventures in MutilcellularityBiofilm of pathogenic bacteria can make it resistant to antibiotics and the immune systemHuge problem in medicine and industry (other intakes)Know Aquatic and Terrestrial
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