XHTML Terms Absolute URL A URL that specifies the entire path to a resource including the scheme server name path and the file name itself For example http www google com is an absolute URL Anchor Jump points within an XHTML page that can be used as destinations for links Attribute Part of an element that defines a property of that element For example in the markup a href is an attribute of the a element href index html Home a Block level Markup elements that display their content on a new line used mainly for structural parts of a Web page such as headings For example p ul and h1 are block level elements Body Section of XHTML markup that contains the content of the Web page Cascade Method used in cascading style sheets that takes into account inheritance specificity and locality when more than one rule can be applied to format page elements Cascading Style Sheet CSS Style sheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in a markup language Cascading style sheets are made up of one or more rules Cell Padding Number of pixels between the table cell s content and the table cell s border See also cell spacing Cell Spacing Number of pixels between the borders of each table cell See also cell padding Checkbox Form widget specifically a selection widget that allows the user to make multiple selections from a number of items Child Element that is nested within other elements For example in the markup h1 i Introduction i h1 i is the child element Client side Image Map Image map defined within the XHTML markup and that is interpreted by the browser i e the client Declaration Component of a cascading style sheet rule that specifies the formatting to be applied For example in the rule p color red color red is the declaration Definition List Special type of list used for glossaries or other word phrase pairs See also ordered list and unordered list Destination The part of a link that specifies the type of resource Destinations can include images sound files movies or other Web pages Division div element Breaks text into blocks that can be formatted using cascading style sheets Element Markup component that specifies document structure can contain text other elements or nothing at all For example p table i and form are elements for paragraphs tables italicized text and input forms respectively Form Mechanism that allows the user to provide input via selection widgets and text input widgets See also get method post method hidden field submit button and legend Frameset XHTML Version of XHTML that allows frames this version will be phased out eventually See also strict XHTML and transitional XHTML Method Form submission method that encodes the form data i e name value pairs into the URL Suppose a form has two input elements with the names name1 and name2 with respective values value1 and value2 The get method would send a URL of the form script url name1 value1 name2 value2 If the form values contain non ASCII characters or the form content of the URL exceeds 100 characters the post method must be used get Head Section of XHTML markup that defines the title of the page and other information that isn t usually visible to the viewer of the page but is useful to search engines Hidden Field Form component that allows name value pairs to be specified without any visual representation Image Map An image divided into clickable regions the two types of image maps are client side image maps and server side image maps Inheritance Situation pertaining to cascading style sheets in which a child element takes on the properties of its parent element with respect to formatting Inline Markup elements that display their content on the current line used mainly for text For example b sup and span are inline elements Label The part of a link that the user sees and clicks on to reach the destination Legend Mechanism for visually grouping form widgets by placing a labeled border around them Link References to resources on a file system Links have three components destination label and target Location Situation pertaining to cascading style sheets in which ties between inheritance and specificity are resolved For example locally defined rules specified within the element itself via the style attribute have higher precedence Markup Information about the document content that is included in the document itself Markup can include formatting instructions or details about relationships between parts of the document Because the markup is text the document is universally readable XHTML has three main types of markup elements attributes and values Menu Form widget specifically a selection widget that allows the user to select one or possibly multiple of several predefined values Menus are useful in situations where there is not enough screen real estate to display all the values or where the readability of the page would be impaired by displaying too many values Ordered List A collection of items that are numbered See also definition list and unordered list Parent An element that contains other elements For example in the markup h1 i Introduction i h1 h1 is the parent element Password Box Form widget specifically a text input widget that can be used to visually mask confidential data such as passwords from casual observers Method Form submission method that does not include form data i e name value pairs as part of the URL The post method is considered more secure because the get method allows a hacker to bypass the form by calling the server side script directly and passing arbitrarily encoded URL string which could contain invalid names and values If the form values contain nonASCII characters or the form content of the URL exceeds 100 characters the post method must be used post Properly nested Characteristic of elements where children elements are terminated before parent elements For example the markup h1 i Introduction i h1 is properly nested because the child element i is terminated before the parent element h1 However the markup b a href index html Home b a is improperly nested because the b element was terminated before the a element Radio Button Form widget specifically a selection widget that allows the user to choose only one of a predefined set of items When the user selects a radio button any previously selected radio button in the same group is deselected Relative URL A URL that specifies a path to a resource that is relative to the current directory on the file system For example in
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