Anthro2050 1st Edition Lecture 13Outline of Last Lecture I. Evolutionary Forces and Sources of VariationII. Introduction to PrimatesOutline of Current Lecture I. Characteristics of PrimatesCurrent Lecture- homology: traits shared due to common ancestor- common misconception that evolution follows the pattern of Monkeys -> Humans. Whereas it is more of Common Primate Ancestor -> Monkey Ancestor -> Monkeys -> Ape Ancestor -> Human Ancestors -> Humans- Generalized anatomy among primates- General primate hand (4 long fingers and an opposable thumb)- Clavicle which allows the arms to spread out to the sides (not just forwards and up)- Increased reliance of vision over other senses (flat nose/snout, color vision, no whiskers, small ears which are often hairless, eyes on the front of the face with overlapping vision)- generalized dentition that can be used to determine diet- small liters with often one, sometimes two, offspring. increased parental investment.- offspring learn how to behave through observation and cultural learning, unlike some animals that have specific instincts built in for socialization and other cultural habits- enlarged brain and neocortexPrimate Geographic Locations- mostly tropical areas where the temperature fluctuation from day to night is greater than temperature fluctuations between seasons- South America, Africa, South East Asia, East Asia, Madagascar, and one species in EuropePrimate Diet- frugivore (eats primarily fruit)- folivore (eating leaves and vegetation)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- insectivore or faunavore (eat primarily insects)- omnivore (diet of plant materials as well as meat)Locomotion- vertical clinging and leaping from tree to tree, have long powerful back legs- quadropedalism , all four limbs roughly equal length- brachiation, swinging from the trees with long arms, only gibbons do this- knuckle walking, use the knuckles for support- bipedalism, walk on the hind two
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