BIOL 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I Eukaryotic Cell Components II Plant Cells vs Animal Cells III Helpful Diagrams IV EXAM ON THURSDAY STUDY GUIDE IS ON GRADEBUDDY ALREADY Outline of Current Lecture I Metabolism II Metabolic Pathways III Types of Pathways IV Energy V Energy with Chemical Reactions Current Lecture Chapter 8 Metabolism These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute I Metabolism combination of all an organism s chemical processes a Thousands of chemical reactions in the cell b Coordinated and integrated with one another c Organized into metabolic pathways II Metabolic Pathways ordered series of chemical reactions in which the product of one reaction becomes the reactant for the next reaction a Considered a stepwise process b Ex A reactant B product B reactant C product C reactant D product III Types of Pathways a Catabolic pathways pathways that release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simple molecules i Complex simple releases energy b Anabolic pathways pathways that consume energy to build complex molecules starting with simple molecules i Simple complex IV Energy a Two forms i Kinetic energy of motion ii Potential energy of position b Can be changed from one form to another i Ex chemical potential energy in gasoline into kinetic energy to move pistons in a car c Thermodynamics study of energy transformations i 1st Law energy can be transferred or transformed but can not be created or destroyed ii 2nd Law every energy transfer makes the universe more disordered V Energy with Chemical Reactions a Enthalpy totally potential energy of a molecule bond energy i Each chemical reaction proceeds with a change in enthalpy ii Represented by H iii Reactant is changed into product in chemical reactions iv H values mean energy was released v H values mean that energy was absorbed b Entropy quantitative measure of disorder i Increasing randomness increases entropy ii System may become more ordered decreasing entropy but only at the expense of the surroundings iii Entropy is represented by S
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