Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Essentials of Successful Product Line Practice GSAW February 1998 Linda Linda M M Northrop Northrop Manager Manager Product Product Line Line Systems Systems Program Program Software Software Engineering Engineering Institute Institute Carnegie Carnegie Mellon Mellon University University Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA PA 15213 15213 This Thiswork workis issponsored sponsoredby bythe theU S U S Department Departmentof ofDefense Defense 1 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Today s Presentation Motivation Definitions and Foundations State of Product Line Practice Product Line Practice Framework Essential Product Line Practice Areas Product Line Costs Risks and Challenges Bottom Line 2 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Current State End of 20th Century Software has become the bottom line for many organizations who never envisioned themselves in the software business 3 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Business Goals High quality Quick time to market Low cost production Low cost maintenance improved efficiency and productivity 4 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Software System Strategies Process Improvement Technology Innovation Reuse 5 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Reuse History From Ad Hoc to Systematic 1960 s Subroutines 1990 s 1980 s 1970 s Modules Objects Components 2000 s Product Lines 6 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute What Is a Product Line A product line is a group of products sharing a common managed set of features that satisfy specific needs of a selected market pertain to Market strategy Application domain is satisfied by share an Architecture Products is used to structure are built from Components 7 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Why Product Lines Product A Product B Product C Product D Strategic software reuse is key to achieving fast efficient predictable lowcost high quality production and maintenance Developing acquiring and maintaining multiple software products one product at a time is no longer economically viable if a multi project business case exists Core Assets Product A Product B Product C Product D 8 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute How Do Product Lines Help Product lines amortize the investment in these and other core assets requirements and requirements analysis domain model software architecture and design performance engineering documentation earlier life test plans test cases and data cycle people their knowledge and skills reuse processes methods and tools budgets schedules and work plans more components benefit product lines strategic reuse 9 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Product Line Core Assets pertain to Market strategy Application domain is satisfied by share an Architecture Products used to structure are built from Components CORE ASSETS 10 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute What is Product Line Practice Product line practice is the systematic use of software assets to modify assemble instantiate or generate the multiple products that constitute a product line Product line practice involves strategic largegrained reuse as a business enabler 11 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute The Key Concepts Use of a Common Asset Base in Production of a Related Set of Products 12 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Real World Motivation Product Line Practice needed to achieve large scale productivity gains to improve time to market to continue health in the market to maintain market presence to sustain unprecedented growth to compensate for an inability to hire to achieve systematic reuse goals 13 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Necessary Changes Business approach Organizational structure and personnel Architecture Development approach Management The architecture is the foundation of everything 14 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Examples of Product Line Practice CelsiusTech on board ship systems hardware to software cost ratio changed from 35 65 to 80 20 Motorola FLEXworks Project family of one way pagers 4x cycle time improvement 80 reuse Hewlett Packard 2 7x cycle time improvement some 10x Sample Project shipped 5x number of products that were 4x as complex and had 3x the number of features with 4x products shipped person 15 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute State of Product Line Practice DoD Commercial Sector has succeeded with systematic reuse through software product lines in many domains HP AT T Lucent Nokia Raytheon Lockheed Martin Hughes Motorola Ericsson Bosch CelsiusTech ALLTEL Phillips Caterpillar Cummins Buzzeo etc is seeing a growing trend toward product lines Boeing Ford Chrysler Allied Signal etc has realized reduced time to market improved quality reduced development and maintenance costs improved efficiency increased interoperability through software product lines has developed proprietary technical business management and acquisition product line practices How to Bridge the Gap validate distill codify tailor transition has requirements for faster better cheaper architecture based reuse has need for systematic reuse has had many reuse efforts and a few successes is attracted to product line idea but has not been able to make it happen as a practice wants proven offthe shelf practices and support tools 16 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute SEI Product Line Practice Initiative The Vision Product line development is a low risk high return proposition Techniques for finding and exploiting system commonalities and for controlling variability are standard software engineering practice in the DoD government and industry 17 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute SEI Product Line Practice Initiative Strategies Develop an integrated business and technical approach to product line practice Select refine and codify practices of demonstrated effectiveness for creating and acquiring software product lines in different domains and organizational contexts Build and nurture a community interested in and informed about product line practice Transition product line practices and enable their use in the DoD 18 Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute Information Sources Case studies