SPACE GROUND TRADEOFFS GROUND SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES WORKSHOP Breakout Session 3 SPACE GROUND TRADE OFFS Robert K Wilson email robert k wilson jpl nasa gov 27 February 1998 RKW 1 SPACE GROUND TRADEOFFS Panel Participants Nevin A Bryant Virtual Ground Station of the Future Jet Propulsion Laboratory Robert Zmarzlak Paul Nussbaum Future Trends Towards Increased TRW Space Electronics Ground and Space Systems Autonomy TRW Rex Pendley Dave Welch Key Mission Systems Engineering Trades for Determining System Architecture Use of a Design To Debris Prototype in Computer Science Corp Space Ground Trades Space Ground Architecture Trade Offs Allied Signal Technical Services Corp 27 February 1998 Eighteen Others from National Programs Black Programs Commercial Programs Science Programs RKW 2 SPACE GROUND TRADEOFFS SPACE GROUND TRADEOFFS What is meant by Flight Ground Trades How Do You Decide What Goes On Board the Spacecraft How Do You Decide What Goes On the Ground Can we Put it on the ground unless there s a compelling reason to put it in space 27 February 1998 Answer Depends on the Mission RKW 3 SPACE GROUND TRADEOFFS SPACE GROUND TRADE CRITERIA What are the Drivers or Criteria for Making Flight Ground Trades Cost Power and Weight Performance Cost and Overall Performance Effect All Mission Types Bits Return on Investment Risk 27 February 1998 Function of the mission type Swarm of Cookie Cutter Comm Satellites Expensive National Security Satellites Science Spacecraft RISK IMPACTS ON MISSION TYPES National Risk of Failure UNACCEPTABLE Comm Risk of Failure MORE ACCEPTABLE Due to Sheer Numbers of Satellites Science Risk of Failure is UNDESIREABLE Workforce Skill Level Standards Flexibility Margins Multi Dimensional Trade Space RKW 4 SPACE GROUND TRADEOFFS DISCUSSION ITEMS Validation and Verification of On Board Systems How Do We Accomplished This Experience Has Shown Insufficient Time to Fully Test Existing Flight Software FSW Moving More Capabilities On Board Increases Size of FSW to be Tested Confidence Expectations When is S W Ready to be Launched Test on Ground then Launch Testing in a Parallel Ops Mode Maintain Manual Capability Through Evolution of Autonomy Are we Prepared to Fly COTS Trading First on the Block vs Well Tested Fully Functional Capabilities Science Experience with Brouser Poor Response Capabilities De Selected National Program Increased Operations by 50 O M Personnel We Are Tail Wagging the Dog 27 February 1998 How Do We Capture The Knowledge Of The Flying System RKW 5 SPACE GROUND TRADEOFFS ISSUES Need for a Common Underlying Architecture for Both Ground and Space Segments Doesn t Matter Where We Put Functionality Feasibility of Spacecraft As a Node or Device on the Network What is the State of Practice STRV1b DS1 etc Applicability of ISO Standards to the Space Component Assess COTS Hardware for Flight Readiness How Do We Address the Increased Complexity of Constellation Trades Rather than Single Spacecraft Trades Need More Smarts Onboard to Automate Health and Safety and Minimize Ground Support National Program Minimize Ground Interaction Science Program More Driven By Operation Scenerios Acceptability of an In Orbit Testing and Autonomy Evolution Develop a Process Framework Checklist to Facilitate Trading Space ground Testing Techniques to Validate On board Systems Are We Prepared to Give up Hands On Control of the Spacecraft That s Why You Have a PI and We Have a Commander 27 February 1998 RKW 6