GEOG 1101 1st EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures 1-3Lecture 1 Geography MattersWhat is Place and it’s relationship with geography? Include what it means to have identity within a place? Place-Specific geographic settings with distinctive physical, social, and cultural attributes. They are dynamic with changing properties and fluid boundaries. They influence people’s well-being opportunities and lifestyle choices. Identity from place- The sense that you make of yourself through your subjective feelings based on everyday experiences and social relations. Ex. Your own neighborhood may mean something different to you then it does to “outsiders”. Identify four examples of how places influence inhabitants’ livesSpecific places provide the settings for people’s daily lives. Places are settings for social interaction that among other things structure the daily routines of people’s economic and sociallives--Provide both opportunities for and constraints on people’s long-term social well-beingEstablish a context in which everyday commonsense knowledge and experience are gatheredProvide a setting for processes of socialization Provide an arena for contesting social normsWhat is human geography? How does it differ from physical? And what is regional?Human geography deals with the spatial organization of human activities and with people’s relationship to their environment. Physical geography deals with the Earth’s natural processes and their outcomes. Regional Geography combines elements of both physical and human geography. Explain why geography matters.Geography provides an understanding of the interdependency of people and places and anappreciation of how and why certain places are distinctive or unique. Distinguish the differences among major map projections.Maps are representations of the world and serves as important sources of data and tools for analysis. Usually two-dimensional that use lines and symbols to convey information or ideas about spatial relationships. Map Projections--The choice of the map projection largely depends on the map. Equidistant projects allow distance to be represented as accurately as possible but in only one direction (usually north-south). Conformal projections tend to represent compass directions accurately but exaggerate the size of the northern continents. Equivalent projects portray areas on Earth’s surface in their true proportions but result in world maps on which many locations appear squashed and have unsatisfactory outlines.Explain how geographers use geographic information systems (GIS) to merge and analysis data. New technologies combine high-performance computing, global positioning systems (GPS), and computerized record keeping. The most important aspect of these technologies is that they allow data from several different sources, on different topics and at different scales to be merged.Summarize the five concepts that are key to special analysis and describe how they help geographers to analyze relationships between peoples and places.The study of many geographic phenomena can be approached in terms of their arrangement as points, lines, areas or surfaces on a map. This is known as spatial analysis. Location, distance, space, accessibility, and spatial interaction are five concepts that are key to spatial analysis. Eachof these concepts is multifaceted and can be applied to different spatial scales. Together, they provide a powerful set of tools for describing and analyzing places and regions.Describe the importance of distance in shaping human activity.The first law of geography is that “Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things.” Human activity is influenced by the “nearness principle,” according to which people tend to seek to maximize the overall utility of places at minimum effort, to maximize connections between places at minimum cost, and to locate related activities as close together as possible. Summarize the three concepts that are key to regional analysis and explain how they help geographers analyze relationships between people and places.The key concepts of regional analysis are regionalization, landscape, and sense of place.Regionalization is the geographer’s equivalent of scientific classification. Landscape embodies many layers of meaning and reflects the influence of the past processes of change.Sense of place derives from everyday routines experienced in familiar settings. Geographers also seek to understand the complex relationships between peoples and places in terms of the similarities and differences among and between them and the identities and qualities associated with them.Lecture 2 The Changing Global ContextSummarize the distinctive stages of the evolution of the modern world.Premodern geographies were organized around minisystems and regional empires. The modern world-system was established over a long period that began in the late fifteenth century. More and more peoples around the world have become exposed to one another’s technologies and ideas since the fifteenth century. Different resources, social structures, and cultural systems resulted in quite different pathways of development, however. Some societies were incorporated into the new, European-based international economic system faster than other, some resisted incorporation, and some sought alternative systems of economic and political organization. Analyze how and why the new technologies of the Industrial Revolution helped to bring about the emergence of a global economic system.The new technologies of the Industrial Revolution brought about the emergence of a global economic system that reached into almost every part of the world and into virtually every aspect of people’s lives. New transportation technologies triggered successive phases of geographic expansion allowing for an intensive period of external colonization and imperialism. The core of the world-system (Europe) grew to include the U.S. and Japan, while most of the rest of the world was systematically incorporated into the capitalist world-system as a dependent periphery.Examine the changing patterns of interdependence among different world regions.Each place and region carries out its own particular role within the competitive world system. Because of these different roles, places, and regions are dependent on one another. The development of each place affects, and is affected by, the development of