Chapter 3 Water and Carbon Chemistry Chapter 3 pages 46 56 Chapter 4 pg 58 66 Why is water important to life biology Cells Environments Biological Reactions Temperature Ice How does the chemical structure of water explain Cohesion Being cohesive with its self Adhesion Sticking to other things High Specific Heat Amount of heat needed to be applied to raise one gram of that substance one degree Celsius Floating Ice Solid form Bonds are stable The latis form is a lot less dense Hydrophilic Interactions Life is in aqueous solution Most biological chemistry involves solutes dissolved in water solvent dissolves the solute Need to calculate concentrations Molecular Mass Mass of all atoms in a molecule Ex NaCl 23 35 58 daltons Molarity M moles of solute liter of solution Mole 6 02 x1023 objects or Daltons gram Molar Mass grams mole pH and Buffers Water can dissociate into IONS 2H2O H3O OH Or H20 H OHAcidBase Substance that increases the H in solution Substance that decreases the H in solution pH potential of Hydrogen Buffering Since most living cells exist between pH 6 5 8 0 Buffering colecules in around cells minimize changes H and OH by accepting or donating H as needed Example H2CO3 HCO3 H
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