Psychology 3041/6014 Spring, 2014 1 of 3 AUDITORY SCENE ANALYSIS Fundamental Question: What is out there, and where is it? 1. Auditory Scene Analysis a) Auditory system used to analyze, or parse the scene, or world around us 2. Auditory Scene a) Sum of all auditory events, all sound sources (note, focus is on the sound-producing events, not the sounds) 3. Auditory Streams a) The sounds that denote a single, continuous sound-producing event 4. Stream Segregation a) Top-down i. Automatic schema activation ii. Voluntary schema activationPsychology 3041/6014 Spring, 2014 2 of 3 b) Bottom-up: primitive auditory scene analysis i. Use acoustic regularities to “calculate” likely stream segregations ii. GESTALT principles describe some segregation processes (strategies??) iii. Unrelated sounds seldom start/stop at the same time 1. Common fate 2. Good continuation - “Old plus new” - “Tone through noise” iv. Gradualness of change 1. Single sounds change slowly and smoothly 2. Sequences of sounds from the same source change slowly 3. Note: Takes some time (~4 sec) to build up evidence for a stream v. Harmonic relatednessPsychology 3041/6014 Spring, 2014 3 of 3 vi. Holistic effects 1. Co-modulation masking release (CMR) 5. Streaming and Gestalt Principles (Summary) GESTALT Principle Stream Effect or Example Proximity (Nearness) Frequency, time or space proximity Similarity Harmonic relatedness Connectedness Pitch glides pass through noise Good continuation Gradual increase in loudness of approaching train Common fate Musical counterpoint Symmetry Rising pitches tend to fall again Closure Masking,
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