Chapter 11 Gases 1 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases 2 Pressure 3 Boyle s Law Charles Law and the Combined Gas Law 4 Avagadro s Law 5 The Ideal Gas Law 6 STP and Molar Volume 7 Mixtures of Gases 8 Gases in Stoichiometry Problems Example 1 Find the volume of a gas at a pressure of 1 5 x 103 mmHg if it has a volume of 1 0 L at 1 0 atm Assume the temperature is unchanged Answer 0 51 L Example 2 For a gas at 25 C the volume is 2 0 L Find its volume at 100 C if its pressure remains constant Answer 2 5 L Example 3 A sample of CO2 has a volume of 533 mL at 23 2 C and 749 mmHg How many moles of CO2 are in this sample Answer 0216 moles CO2 Example 4 What is the volume of a sample of O2 at 25 C and 1 00 atm if it has a mass of 1 50 g Answer 1 15 L Example 5 An experiment calls for 4 00 moles of CO gas at STP What volume of gas is this Answer 89 6 L Example 6 An experimental undersea habitat had an atmosphere consisting of the following mole percents 79 0 He 17 0 N2 4 0 O2 What are the partial pressures of each gas at 58 8 m below sea level where the pressure is 6 91 atm Answer 5 46 atm He 1 17 atm N 2 0 28 atm O2 Example 7 The reaction between zinc metal and acid produces hydrogen gas Assume the hydrogen produced by this reaction was collected over water at 753 mmHg and at 23 C If 215 mL of hydrogen were collected what mass of hydrogen was produced Answer 1 72 x 10 2 g H2 Example 8 LiOH is used in spacecraft to absorb the CO2 exhaled by the astronauts 2 LiOH s CO2 g Li2CO3 s H2O l What volume of CO2 can be absorbed by 1 00g of LiOH at 25 0 C and 1 00 atm Answer 0 511 L Example 9 What volume of CO2 is produced when 1 0 L of propane gas C3H8 burns at 1 00 atm and 550 C Answer 3 0 L Example 10 Air bags inflate when sodium azide decomposes explosively to form sodium and nitrogen 2 NaN3 s 2 Na s 3 N2 g What mass of NaN3 must decompose to inflate an air bag to 70 0 L at STP Answer 135 g
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