BIOL 1406 Discussion Questions Control of Gene Expression 1 Explain the importance of gene regulation in prokaryotic cells 2 Explain the importance of gene regulation in eukaryotic cells 3 List and describe the different levels of gene regulation 4 What is the most common level of gene regulation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes 5 What are regulatory proteins 6 What are regulatory sequences 7 How does each regulatory protein recognize the appropriate regulatory sequence on the DNA 8 Explain the difference between regulatory proteins that act as activators and those that act as repressors Also give at least one example of each type of regulatory protein 9 Distinguish between the following methods for regulating transcription a Repression b Induction c Activation 10 Identify and describe 3 mechanisms that help prokaryotes quickly turn production of specific proteins on or off in response to environmental conditions 11 What is an operon 12 Explain how the trp operon in the bacterium E coli is controlled when tryptophan is present 13 Explain how the trp operon in the bacterium E coli is controlled when tryptophan is absent 14 What is the lac operon 15 Describe the function of each part of the lac operon listed below a A gene b Y gene c Z gene d Operator e promoter for lac operon f CAP binding site g I gene h promoter for I gene i coding region j regulatory region 16 The lac operon is under a two switch control mechanism a Which part of the lac operon acts as the activator switch b Which part acts as the repressor switch 17 Explain how the level of lactose affects transcription of the structural genes in the lac operon Be sure to describe the role of the lac repressor in this process 18 Explain how the level of glucose affects transcription of the structural genes in the lac operon Be sure to describe the role of CAP in this process 19 What are transcription factors 20 Identify and compare the 2 main groups of eukaryotic transcription factors 21 Identify and explain the role that each of the following play in the formation of the eukaryotic transcription complex a Promoter b TATA box c general transcription factors or basal factors d specific transcription factors e enhancers f activators g coactivators h silencers i repressors j RNA polymerase 22 In eukaryotes what is the advantage to having a transcription complex that consists of so many different molecules 23 Explain how alterations to chromatin structure may also help regulate gene transcription in eukaryotes 24 How is gene regulation in eukaryotes similar to gene regulation in prokaryotes 25 How is gene regulation in eukaryotes different from gene regulation in prokaryotes 26 List and describe 6 different levels of gene regulation in eukaryotes
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