DEFINITIONS: PART 1: SEXUALITY AND CONTRACEPTION:SEXUALITY:1. Sexuality: A dimension of personality shaped by biological, psychosocial and cultural forces and concerning all aspects of sexual behavior.2. Gonads: The primary reproductive organs that produce germ cells [reproductive cells] and sex hormones: the ovaries and the testes.3. Germ cells: Sperm and ova (eggs).4. Ovum: A germ cell produced by a female, which combines with a male germ cell [sperm] to create a fetus. Plural- Ova. Also called an egg.5. Sperm: A germ cell produced by a male, which combines with a female germ cell [ovum] to create a fetus.6. Vulva: The external female genitalia or sex organs.7. Clitoris: Highly sensitive female genital structure. Female equivalent of the penis [made of same tissue].8. Prepuce: Foreskin of the clitoris or the penis.9. Urethra: Duct that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.10. Vagina: The passage leading from the female genitals to the internal reproductive organs;the birth canal.11. Cervix: The opening of the uterus in the upper part of the vagina.12. Uterus: The hollow, thick-walled, muscular organ in which the fertilized egg develops. Also called the womb.13. Fallopian tube: A duct that guides a mature ovum from the ovary to the uterus. Also called an oviduct.14. Ovaries: The paired female reproductive glands that produce the ova [eggs] and sex hormones. Ovaries are the female gonads.15. Penis: The male genital structure that consisting of spongy tissue that becomes engorged with blood during sexual excitement.16. Scrotum: The loose sac of skin and muscle fibers that contain the testes.17. Testis: One of two male gonads that are the site of sperm production. Plural: Testes. Also called testicle.18. Semen: The fluid that carries the sperm out of the male penis during ejaculation.19. Epididymis: A storage duct for maturing sperm, located on the surface of each testis.20. Vas Deferens: A tube that carries the sperm from the epididymis through the prostate gland to the seminal vesicles. Plural: Vasa deferentia.21. Prostate Gland: A male reproductive organ; produces some of the fluid in semen, which helps transport and nourish sperm.22. Seminal Vesicle: A tube leading from the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct. Secretes nutrients for the semen.23. Ejaculatory duct: A tube that carries mature sperm to the urethra so that they can exit the body upon ejaculation.24. Cowper’s gland: In the male reproductive system, a small organ that produces pre ejaculatory fluid.25. Glans: The rounded head of the penis or the clitoris.26. Circumcision: Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis.27. Androgens: Male sex hormones produced by the testes.28. Estrogens: A class of female sex hormones, produced by the ovaries that bring about sexual maturation at puberty and maintain reproductive functions.29. Progestagens: A class of female sex hormones, produced by the ovaries that sustain reproductive functions. 30. Adrenal glands: Endocrine glands, located over the kidneys that produce sex hormones.31. Pituitary Gland: An endocrine gland at the base of the brain that produces hormones andregulates the release of hormones- including sex hormones- by other glands.32. Hypothalamus: A region of the brain above the pituitary gland whose hormones control the secretions of the pituitary. Also involved in the control of many bodily functions, including hunger, thirst, temperature regulation and sexual functions.33. Sex Chromosomes: The X and Y chromosome, which determine an individual’s biological sex.34. Testosterone: The most important male sex hormone that stimulates an embryo to develop into a male by inducing the development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty.35. Puberty: The period of biological maturation during adolescence. In this stage of development, the individual becomes capable of sexual reproduction.36. Progesterone: The most important female sex hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle and sustains pregnancy.37. Menstrual Cycle: The monthly ovarian cycle in the absence of pregnancy that is regulated by hormones. Also called menstruation.38. Menarche: The first menstrual period experienced by most young women at some point during adolescence.39. Menses: The portion of the menstrual cycle characterized by menstrual flow.40. Follicle: A sac like structure within the ovary in which an ovum matures.41. Endometrium: The lining of the uterus.42. Ovulation: The release of a mature ovum from an ovary.43. Corpus Luteum: The part of the ovarian follicle left after ovulation, which secretes estrogen and progesterone during the second half of the menstrual cycle.44. Dysmenorrhea: Painful or problematic menstruation.45. Premenstrual Tension: Mild physical and emotional changes associated with the time before the onset of menses.46. Premenstrual Syndrome [PMS]: A disorder characterized by physical discomfort, psychological distress and behavioral changes that begin after ovulation and cease when menstruation begins.47. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A severe form of PMS, characterized by symptoms serious enough to interfere with daily activities and relationships.48. Menopause: The cessation of menstruation gradually around age 50.49. Vasocongestion: Accumulation of blood in tissues and organs.50. Orgasm: The discharge of accumulated sexual tension with characteristic genital and bodily manifestations and a subjective sensation of intense pleasure.51. Sexual Dysfunction: A disturbance in sexual desire, performance or satisfaction.52. Erectile Dysfunction: The inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse.53. Premature Ejaculation: Involuntary orgasm before or shortly after the penis enters the vagina or anus. It is ejaculation that takes place sooner than desired.54. Retarded Ejaculation: The inability to ejaculate when one wishes to during intercourse.55. Orgasmic Dysfunction: The inability to experience an orgasm.56. Masturbation: Self-stimulation for the purpose of sexual arousal and orgasm.57. Celibacy: Continuous abstention from sexual activity.58. Autoeroticism: Behavior aimed at sexual self stimulation.59. Erotic Fantasy: Sexually arousing thoughts and daydreams.60. Foreplay: Kissing, touching and any form of oral or genital contact that stimulate people towards intercourse.61. Cunnilingus: Oral stimulation of female genitals.62. Fellatio: Oral stimulation of the penis.63. Sexual Intercourse: Sexual relations