PHYS 1444 – Section 004 Lecture #1Who am I?Structure of MatterThe Standard ModelFermilab Tevatron and LHC at CERNSlide 6Slide 7Slide 8Forward Proton Detector LayoutSlide 10Primary Web PageGradingHomeworkGetting Started with On-line HomeworkHomework ScoringAttendance and Class StyleWhy Do Physics?What do you want from this class?Brief History of PhysicsNeed for Standards and UnitsSI Base Quantities and UnitsPrefixes and their meaningsExamples 1.3 and 1.4 for Unit ConversionsUncertaintiesSignificant FiguresSlide 26Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its ConservationSlide 28Electric Charge in the AtomInsulators and ConductorsInduced ChargeSlide 32Coulomb’s LawCoulomb’s Law – The FormulaAnnouncementsMon. Jan. 22, 2007 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew Brandt1PHYS 1444 – Section 004 Lecture #1Monday Jan 22, 2007Dr. Andrew Brandt1. Syllabus and Introduction2. Chapter 21-Static Electricity and Charge Conservation-Charges in Atom, Insulators and Conductors & Induced Charge-Coulomb’s LawThanks to Dr. Yu for bringing this class into 21st Century!Please turn off your cell-phones, pagers and laptops in classMon. Jan. 22, 2007 2 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtWho am I? •Name: Andrew Brandt (You can call me Dr. Brandt)•Office: Rm 344, CPB (Physics and Chemistry Building)•Extension: x2706, E-mail: [email protected] •Education: B.S. Physics/Economics College of William and Mary 1985; Ph. D. 1992 UCLA•My Research Area: High Energy Physics (HEP)–Collide particles (currently protons and anti-protons) at energies equivalent to 10 Quadrillion degrees–To understand•Fundamental constituents of matter•Interactions or forces between the constituents–A pure scientific research activity•Applied use of the fundamental laws not always obvious, but use of discovery of electron was not immediately known either!•Indirect product of research contribute to every day lives; eg. WWWMon. Jan. 22, 2007 3 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtHigh Energy Physics Structure of Matter10-10m10-14m10-15m<10-18m10-9mMatter Molecule Atom NucleusuQuark<10-19mprotons, neutrons,mesons, etc.top, bottom,charm, strange,up, downCondensed matter/Nano-Science/ChemistryAtomic PhysicsNuclearPhysicsBaryon(Hadron)Electron(Lepton)10-2mMon. Jan. 22, 2007 4 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtThe Standard Model•Assumes the following fundamental structure:Directly observed in 2000Discovered in 1995Mon. Jan. 22, 2007 5 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtFermilab Tevatron and LHC at CERN•Present Highest Energy proton-anti-proton collider –Ecm=1.96 TeV (=6.3x10-7J/p 13M Joules on 10-4m2)Equivalent to the kinetic energy of a 20t truck at a speed 80 mi/hrChicagoTevatronp p CDFDØ•World’s Highest Energy proton-proton collider in 2 years –Ecm=14 TeV (=44x10-7J/p 1000M Joules on 10-4m2)Equivalent to the kinetic energy of a 20t truck at a speed 212 mi/hrMon. Jan. 22, 2007 6 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtDØ Detector: Run II30’ 30’ 50’ •Weighs 5000 tons•Can inspect 3,000,000 collisions/second•Records 50 collisions/second•Records ~12.5M Bytes/second•Will record 2 Peta bytes in the current run.•Has over a 100 million partsMon. Jan. 22, 2007 7 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtqTimeppqgK“parton jet” “particle jet” “calorimeter jet”hadronsCHFHEMHighest ET dijet event at DØHighest ET dijet event at DØ0.69 GeV, 472E0.69 GeV, 475E21T11THow does an Event Look in a Collider Detector?Mon. Jan. 22, 2007 8 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtHigh Energy ArtMon. Jan. 22, 2007 9 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtForward Proton Detector Layout•9 momentum spectrometers comprised of 18 Roman Pots•Scintillating fiber detectors (built at UTA) are moved close (~6 mm) to the beam to track scattered protons and anti-protons•Reconstructed track is used to calculate momentum and scattering angle, covering new kinematic regions •Allows combination of tracks with high momentum scattering in the central detectorD SQ2Q3Q4SA1A2P1UP2IP2OP1Dpp Z(m)D2D12333593323057VetoQ4Q3Q2Former UTAgraduate student Michael StrangMon. Jan. 22, 2007 10 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtBackground RejectionEx, Two protons from one interaction and two b-jets from anotherFast Timing Detectors for ATLASWHO?UTA (Brandt), Alberta, Louvain, FNAL WHY?How?Use timing to measure vertexHow Fast?10 picoseconds (light travels 3mm in 10 psec!)protonphotonMon. Jan. 22, 2007 11 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtPrimary Web Page http://www-hep.uta.edu/~brandta/teaching/sp2007/teaching.htmlMon. Jan. 22, 2007 12 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtGrading•Exams: 50%–Best two of three exams (2 midterms + final)–Comprehensive final –Exams will be curved if necessary–No makeup tests•Homework: 20% (no late homework)•Pop quizzes10%•Lab score: 20%Mon. Jan. 22, 2007 13 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtHomework•Solving homework problems is the best (only?) way to comprehend class material•An electronic homework system has been setup for you–Details are in the syllabus and on web (class id 14445 everyone needs their own UT EID)–https://hw.utexas.edu/ –2 points extra credit on final HW grade if registered by class 1/24/07, 1 point if 1/29/07 (first hw on Ch. 21 will be due Wednesday 1/31/07 at 12 pm)•Each homework carries the same weight•Your lowest two homework scores will be dropped•Home work will constitute 20% of the total A good way of keeping your grades high•Allowed (encouraged) to work with others and get help from physics clinic as needed—always attempt homework first on your own, or you will likely pay for it on the tests (DON’T COPY!)Mon. Jan. 22, 2007 14 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtSTEP 1: Go to the Homework Service at the URL https://hw.utexas.edu/ Select the link Register yourself in your class Unique number: 14445STEP 2: Return to https://hw.utexas.edu/ Download: Students' Instructions Download: First Homework STEP 3: Work one question and submit its answer before the next class period. STEP 4: Continue submitting answers until due time. STEP 5: Download solutions after due time. Getting Started with On-line HomeworkMon. Jan. 22, 2007 15 PHYS 1444-004, Spring 2007Dr. Andrew BrandtVII. Scoring a) Multiple-choice questions A randomly guessing
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