BUS-115 Introduction to BusinessWeek 9QuestionsPick the one best answer for the following questions.Mark your answers on a Scantron answer sheet (erase all stray marks)Chapter 11 Questions1. True or False? Motivation is the internal process that energizes, directs, and sustains behavior.2. True or False? A main discovery of the Hawthorne Studies was that human factors are at least as important to motivation as pay rates.3. True or False? The piece-rate reward system grew out of Taylor’s concepts ofscientific management.4. True or False? On self-managed work teams, each member learns one specific job and has clearly defined responsibilities.5. True or False? In a management by objectives (MBO) system, the first step isto establish preliminary goals.6. Which of the following is uncharacteristic of low morale?a. High rate of turnoverb. Shoddy workc. Absenteeismd. High productivitye. Employees’ leaving for more satisfying jobs7. A sense of involvement and __________ were two of the human factors at work in the Hawthorne studies.a. human relationsb. social acceptancec. social needsd. safety needse. an acceptable output ratePage 1 of 88. Frederick Taylor observed a workplace practice that he termed “soldiering,” which means that the employeesa. worked like busy bees without ever taking a break.b. worked slowly because they didn’t want to run out of work, thus appearing unneeded and risking losing their jobs.c. worked virtually for free due to high motivation and lack of knowledge about negotiating pay.d. had much higher productivity than he expected based on his estimates.e. had much lower productivity than should have been the case.9. The theory stating that motivation depends on how much people want something and on how likely they believe they are to get it is calleda. the expectancy theory.b. Theory Y.c. the equity theory.d. reinforcement.e. Theory X.10.The systematic program of reinforcement to encourage desirable behavior is calleda. management by objectives.b. Theory Y.c. expectancy theory.d. scientific management.e. behavior modification.11.True or False? The way an employee feels about his or her job, superiors, and place of work is known as morale.12.True or False? Herzberg recognized only two dimensions: motivation and hygiene.13.True or False? Equity theory is based on the idea that employees are motivated by equitable treatment of themselves relative to the “comparison other.”14.True or False? Gain sharing directly rewards employees for increases in company calls or lower costs.15.True or False? Job sharing is a system in which employees set their own work hours within certain limits set by the employer.Page 2 of 816.Motivation is the internal process that __________, directs, and sustains behavior.a. irritatesb. energizesc. inspectsd. satisfiese. manages17.The application of scientific principles to the management of work and workers is calleda. hierarchy of needs.b. Theory X and Theory Y.c. scientific management.d. Herzberg’s theory.e. equity theory.18.The equity theory is most relevant to which form of outcome in an organization?a. Statusb. Work stationc. Equipment and toolsd. Promotion in ranke. Pay19.One major problem with the MBO process is thata. it does not motivate employees most of the time.b. it must start at the top of the organization and work its way down in orderto work, which can be a long process.c. it is not a healthy way to improve communication because it forces the manager and employee together.d. when it doesn’t work well in one company, other companies who haven’t tried it will think it is not the optimal way to set goals and will not give it a try.e. it leaves too many decisions up to the employees, thus causing the managers to risk losing control within the organization.Page 3 of 820.Job enrichment is supported bya. Taylor’s scientific management theory.b. Maslow’s safety needs.c. McGregor’s Theory X.d. Maslow’s physiological needs.e. Herzberg’s motivators.Page 4 of 8Chapter 12 QuestionsTurn your Scantron answer sheet over and mark your answers on the BACK - starting with 51Pick the one best answer…51.True or False? The first president of the American Federation of Labor was Uriah Stephens.52.True or False? Changing trends in business over the last twenty years have resulted in an increase in union membership.53.True or False? The Wagner Act (1935) allows states to enact right-to-work laws.54.True or False? During first contract negotiations, the firm is typically represented by managers from industrial relations, HRM, and the legal department.55.True or False? A strike that is not union-approved is referred to as a wildcat strike.56.The first significant national labor organization was thea. Industrial Workers of the World.b. American Federation of Labor.c. Congress of Industrial Organizations.d. Teamsters.e. Knights of Labor.57.Another name for the Wagner Act is thea. Wage and Hour law.b. NLRA.c. LMRA.d. Prevailing Wage law.e. Antitrust law.Page 5 of 858.If the employees at the Commercial Marine Shipbuilding plant were to gain union representation, the union would select a committee to beginnegotiating a labor contract with management. This process is referredto asa. contract analysis.b. joint negotiation.c. labor-management relations.d. collective bargaining.e. joint sessions.59.The length of time an employee has worked for an organization or in a department is commonly referred to asa. tenure.b. hireship.c. seniority.d. jurisdiction.e. longevity.60.A fund used to provide financial support for striking union members is called a __________ fund.a. slushb. offensec. taskd. wildcate. strike61.True or False? The Knights of Labor was the first significant national labor organization.62.True or False? Unions derive their power to negotiate effectively with management from two sources: membership and financial resources.63.True or False? A court order requiring a person or group either to perform some act or to refrain from performing some act is known as a subpoena.64.True or False? Contract negotiations must be completed before the NLRB can pass final judgment on the election results.65.True or False? The Taft-Hartley Act outlawed the closed shop.Page 6 of 866.Labor’s early attempts to organize resulted in the formation of __________ in industrialized areas.a. agency shopsb. closed shopsc. craft unionsd. industrial unionse. union shops67.Recently, the AFL-CIO allocated a significant portion of its budget to