Slide 1Chapter 1 An Introduction to the human bodySlide 3Slide 4Slide 5In humans, cells unite to form what?TissuesWhat is the definition of Homeostasis?Slide 9What are the 6 basic life processes?Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17What is the anatomical position and directional terms?Slide 19Slide 20Regions- 9 Quadrants- 4What are the five planes of the body?Pg. 16 *Study tip: Draw them out!*What are the four cavities in the body?Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of OrganizationWhat are the smallest stable units of matter?Atoms Pg. 31 in textbookWhat are the four major elements?Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37What is the outermost electron shell called?Valence Shell pg. 33 in textbookWhat is the octet rule?Slide 41Slide 42Slide 43What is a hydrogen bond and when does it form?Slide 45Exergonic and Endergonic ReactionsSlide 47What is a catalyst?Slide 49Slide 50Slide 51Slide 52Slide 53Hydrophobic vs. HydrophilicSlide 55Solutes vs. SolventsSlide 57Slide 58Slide 59Slide 607.35-7.45What is the carbonic-acid-bicarbonate buffer system?Slide 63What is a carbohydrate?Slide 65What is a monosaccharide?Slide 67Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide =Slide 69How many monosaccharides form a polysaccharide?Slide 71What are the different types of lipids?Slide 73Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fatty AcidsSlide 75What does a triglyceride consist of?Slide 77What does a phospholipid consist of?Slide 79What is the bond between amino acids?Peptide bonds Pg. 51-52 in your textbookSlide 82Slide 83What are the two shape classifications of proteins?Slide 85Slide 86Slide 87Slide 88Slide 89What are the purines? Pyrimidines?Slide 91SI: Chapter 1 and 2Madeline (Mattie) [email protected] 1An Introduction to the human bodyWhat are the smallest living units in the body?CellsChemical Level  Cellular Level  Tissue Level  Organ Level  System Level  Organismal Level -> Population -> Community -> Ecosystempg. 3 and 4 in TextbookIn humans, cells unite to form what? *Just to see if you are paying attention…*TissuesWhat is the definition of Homeostasis?The maintenance of a stable internal environment - equilibrium (balance) due to the body’s regulatory processes pg. 8 and 9 in the textbookWhat are the 6 basic life processes?1. Metabolism2. Responsiveness 3. Movement 4. Growth5. Differentiation6. Reproduction8. Evolutionpg. 5-8 *Study tip: know what these mean*What is a feedback system? What are the three parts to the system?Feedback System: Cycle of events that monitors the status of a certain body condition (i.e.: body temp)Three Parts: Receptor, Control Center, Effectorpg. 9 *Study tip: Know the steps*Explain the difference between a negative feedback system and a positive feedback systemNegative: Reverses a change in a controlled condition (i.e.: blood pressure)Positive: Reinforces a change in the controlled condition (i.e.: child birth)pg.10-11 *Study tip: Think of positive reinforcement*What factors can cause homeostatic imbalances? *Hint: 6 things*1. Environment2. Behavior3. Genetics4. Where you live, air you breathe5. Food you eat6. Thoughts (mental well-being)What is the anatomical position and directional terms?Feet on the floor, head forward, eyes forward, arms down the sides with palms facing upPg. 13-14 in textbook*Study tip: Know the directional terms in relevance to one another (i.e.: Your hand is distal to your elbow)*What are the quadrants and regions?*Hint: Four in one and nine in the other*Regions- 9Quadrants- 4Pg. 20 in textbookWhat are the five planes of the body?Pg. 16 *Study tip: Draw them out!*What are the four cavities in the body?Pg. 17 in textbook *Study tip: Have a general idea of what organs are in what cavity (i.e.: Heart and lungs are in the thoracic cavity)What do these directional terms correspond with in the human body? (i.e.: inferior, caudal)1.Ventral2. Posterior3. Superior1. Anterior 2. Dorsal3. Cephalic Pg. 13-15 ***Study tip: KNOW YOUR TERMS and their synonyms and antonyms****Study tip: Page 21-23 in your textbook, know a general idea of what Radiography, MRI, DTI, CT, CCTA, Ultrasound, PET, Radionuclide and Endoscopy are and how the images look in relevance to one another*Chapter 2The Chemical Level of OrganizationWhat are the smallest stable units of matter?Atoms Pg. 31 in textbookWhat are the four major elements?96% of the body’s mass: OxygenCarbonHydrogenNitrogenPg. 30 in textbookWhat are the three subatomic particles in an atom and what are their charges? Where in the atom are they located?1. Proton (+) – Nucleus 2. Electron (-) – Electron Cloud (not in one single fixed position)3. Neutron (0) – Nucleus Pg. 31 in textbookDefinition of:1. Mass Number2. Atomic Number3. Isotopes4. Atomic Mass5. Molecule6. Compound7. Free Radical*Whichever team can get all the answers correctly first wins this one*1. Mass Number: Protons + Neutrons2. Atomic Number: # of Protons3. Isotopes: # of atoms of an element with different numbers of Neutrons (so different mass #’s)4. Atomic Mass: Avg. mass of all its naturally occurring isotopes 5. Molecule: Formed when two or more atoms share electrons 6. Compound: Contains atoms of two or more different elements 7. Free Radical: Unpaired electron in the outermost shell of an atom or group of atoms Pg. 31-33 in TextbookWhat is the outermost electron shell called?Valence Shellpg. 33 in textbookWhat is the octet rule?“One atom is more likely to interact with another atom if doing so will leave both with eight valence electrons” pg. 33 in textbookWhat is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?Ionic: Force of an attraction that holds together ions with opposite charges – an atom with one valence electron will donate it to an atom with seven valence electrons to fulfill the octet rule making one a cation and one an anion; this forming of ions does not necessarily mean that an ionic bond will indeed form, but makes it more likely that they will attract one anotherCovalent: Two or more atoms share electrons rather than gaining or losing them – can share one, two or three pairs of electrons, the more electron pairs shared, the stronger the covalent bond. If the atoms share the electrons equally, it is a non-polar covalent bond (ALWAYS non-polar when between two identical atoms!) If the bond is polar, it means one of the atoms has a greater electronegativity (the power to attract electrons to itself) and the sharing is unequal giving one a