BICD110 SSII 09 Problem Set 3 1 Q1: What is the definition of a dominant negative protein? Explain how a dominant negative receptor tyrosine kinase demonstrated that dimerized receptors undergo cross phosphorylation as opposed to self-phosphorylation. Q2: Explain the difference between smoothly-graded and switch-like signaling. Q3: To amplify an extracellular signal, signal molecule receptors on the plasma membrane are commonly coupled to 3 types of protein that would trigger a cascade for signal amplification. Name the 3 types of protein and give an example for each. Q4: The electron transport chain takes electrons initially from what molecule and finishes by donating them to what molecule? Q5: When electrons are transferred to enzyme complexes further along in the electron transport chain, how is the energy released used to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Q6: Write out the path of electron flow for the electron transport chain. Which two intermediates are not enzymes? Which is not a part of a protein? Q7: ATP Synthase is found both in mitochondria and chloroplasts. What component of the electrochemical proton gradient is most important for ATP synthesis in each organelle? Q8. Name each structure of the chloroplastBICD110 SSII 09 Problem Set 3 2 Q9 . What gradient does the ATP synthase use to generate ATP from ADP and how is that gradient generated in the chloroplast? Q10: Fill in the table regarding the different types, components, and functions of G-Protein Coupled Receptors Type: G-Protein Coupled Receptor Structure: G-Proteins: Hint: 3 Subunits Energy requiring process? Gα-GTP Effectors 2nd Msngrs Produced Down stream response Reg. proteins Gstimulatory Ginhibitory