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PSY - P 324 : FINAL EXAM
Personality disorders definition |
extreme versions of personality traits |
Persnality disorers are ___ and enduring patterns of ___, thinking, & ___ that occur across a wide range of situations
LIFELONG |
stable, behavior, perception |
What do they use to diagnose Personality Disorders? |
Diagnostic interviews
MCMI |
Criteria of Personality Disorder: behavior is ___ (unchanging) and maladaptive
2. causes significant__ impairment, and significant ___ |
inflexible
functional
distress |
PD's are ___% of population |
10-13% |
over _/_ diagnosed with 1 PD are diagnosed with another
|
1/2 |
ppl with PD rarely seek __, no ___ ___ for most PD's |
treatment,
effective treament |
DSM 3 clusters of DM's. (OEDEEAF)
Cluster A: |
A: Odd or Eccentric |
Cluster A Odd/eccentric include (sps) |
schizoid, paranoid, schizotypal |
Cluster B
((OEDEEAF) |
Dramatic, emotional, erratic.
(antisocial, borderline, narcisstic) |
Cluster C-Anxious or fearful includes
(OEDEEAF) |
Avoidant, dependent, Obsessive-compulsive |
Schizoid= detachment from ___ relationships
doesnt like to interact with others.
no emotions
LONERS |
social. appear cold. |
Paranoid (cluster a) are mistrustful, suspicious without justification.
|
believe ppl are lying, cheating |
Schizotypal- (cluster a)= socially __ with odd behaviors (speech and affect) and unusual ___
they have SOCIAL ANXIETY when around people |
isolated
beliefs (special powers) |
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD): disregard for the __, and __ of others.
LIE STEAL NO REMORSE
primarily male.
behavior can be ___ |
law, rights
aggressive. |
which disorder does the DSM " causes significant subjective distress" NOT apply to ? |
ASPD antisocial personality disorder
and MANIA |
ASPD have undersousal, and seek ___. weak behavioral __ system.
may have antisocial parents, inconsisten discipline, live in violent community |
stimulation. inhibition |
Borderline Personality Disorder UNSTABLE self, dependence on others to not feel abandoned.
Feelings of ___, have __-__ relationships, mood ___,
self mutilation-cutting
Environmental- family ___ during childhood |
worthless, love-hate, swings, abuse |
Histrionic: attention seeking. need for __. female. dramatic, shifting emotions, excessive emotional expression |
approval |
Narcissistic- exaggerated sense of self-___.
Grandiosity.
lack __ for others
needs constant ___ from others.
environmental- did parents not teach them ___? |
importance
empathy
admiration (positive)
empathy?
|
Avoidant PD-
social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy.
fearful of + avoid criticism, SENSITIVE + OVERREACTIVE
|
dont like negative evaluation across situations |
Antisocial, borderline, histrionic + narcisstice are what cluster? |
Cluster B- Dramatic, emotional, Erratic |
What cluster are Schizoid, paranoid and Schizotypal? |
Cluster A- Odd/Eccentric |
Dependent PD= need to be taken care of, clingy, fear or __. cant make ___ on own. environmental= overprotected, early parent ___. rejection |
seperation. decisions death |
Obsessive-Compulsive PD- things need to be done the "__ __"
preoccupied with __.
NO OBSESSIVE THOUGHTS/COMPULSES
20% college students have it.
causes- ____ parents with high ___
|
right-way
details
overprotective,
expectations |
Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive/compulsiveare under what cluster? |
cluster C- anxious/fearful |
4 reasons ppl engage in self injurious behavior: (PECC)
1. Punishment
2. Emotional release
3. feel in Control
4. Communicate |
. |
PECC
|
punishment
emotional release
communication
in control |
Freud classified Somatoform & Dissociative as Hysterical Neurosis
Hysterica=____ behavior of women
Neurosis=anxiety from unconscious conflicts |
dramatic |
what common feature do Somatoform and Diss have? |
Underlying anxiety |
personal not actively aware of the anxiety in soma/diss. the anxiety gets changed into a ___
*symptoms a way of excaping anxiety without being aware of it. |
symptom |
n Diss, split from __ of the anxiety-provoking stimulus from consciousness |
memory |
Dissociative disorders: group of mental disorders characterized by disturbance in __, memory, consciousness.
forget anxiety, and their ___
its assumed that a traumatic event precipitated |
identity, self/personality |
DID=__population, 75-90% adult women. Must have at least __ distinct personalities.
1. early __ abuse
2. easily ___
3. often goes with ___ PD-what overlaps? lack core __ |
1%, sexual
hypnotized
borderline
self. Difficulty regulating emotion, often abused. |
Risk factors for DID
1. experiencing ___trauma before age 9
2. vulnerability-self hypnosis
3. create personalities under times of ___
|
abusive
stress |
Treatment of DID
1. Make them ___ of problem
2. Get personalites to __ (hypnosis)
3. explain why it developed-made sense as a child, now they are strong enough to deal |
aware
meet |
Depersonalization Disorder= feel like detached from one's body. feel like you're observing your life
feel like ___ from their body
ALSO HAVE IN PANIC
|
Detached |
Dissociatie |
. |
Dissociative Amnesia= no physical trauma, but have memory loss |
. |
Dissociative Fugue= 1/more episoes of travel from home. cant remember past life |
. |
Somatoform Disorder-physical __ without a physical ___
|
symptoms, cause |
Malingering=___ symptoms. symptoms are under their control-to get out of something |
faking |
Factitious Disorder=making symptoms happen to get ___. Muchausens syndrome by proxy.-making kid sick. |
attention |
Somatoform must distinguish from a Real Physical illness, psychosomatic, facticious, and malingering |
.. |
psychosomatic=real physical ___, made worse by ___. ex-ulcer |
problem, stress |
Somatoform-Hypochondriasis= fear of having serious __ (misinterpret body __)
2. even with medical reassurance they dont have anything, still fear
3. impairment in ___ & distress
4. duration of __ months
|
disease. symptoms. functioning. 6 |
Hypochondriasis= overlaps with __, Anxiety & Depression
4-9% of patients have it
EQUAL
CHRONIC |
OCD
men & women
CHRONIC |
Hypochondirasis- causes-
1. exposure to __as child
2. experience stressful __ __
3. Primary gains= reduces __
Secondary gains= get out of things bc are sick |
illness
life events
anxiety |
Conversion Disorder (soma)=blindness for no reason, paralysis
more common in __
Rare
cant be explained |
women |
BDD-(somat)
1. preoccupation with imagine__ in appearnace
2. gender more ___
3. goes with ___, depression, anxiety
|
women, OCD |
how do you tell if the parent is causing the Munchousen/facticious in their children? |
separate them from each other and see if they still have symptoms |
Sex-normal for DSM is 2 ___ adults
|
consenting |
Sexual Dysfunctions- trouble engaging in & sexual relationships with others. |
. |
Sexual Desire disorder=lack of __ for sex with partner |
desire |
Sexual Arousal Disorders-no arousal when __ |
stimulated |
Orgasmic disorders and Sexual Pain disorders=pain during intercourse |
. |
Paraphilia = sexual __ occurs to inapprpriate objects and ___ (kids)
NOT CONSENTING ADULTS
MALE MALE MALE |
arousal
ppl |
why Paraphilia more male-
1. easier for them to masturbate
2. turned on __ easier |
visually |
Nonhuman objects
Fetishism=shoes, hard/soft things, parts of the ___.
Developed through classical conditioning-if masturbate in shoe closet-have link to shoes and sex
|
body |
Transvestism=sexaullly aroused by dressing in __ ___.
always ___ men. |
womens clothing
straight |
Sadism=CAUSE ____ |
PAIN |
Masochism=RECEIVE ___ |
pain |
non-consenting adults-
Voyerism=WATCHING ppl have sex/undressing |
. |
non-consenting adults-
exhibitionism-get sexually arounsed by STREAKing.
arousal from victim's ___, disgust |
surprise/fear |
non consenting adult
Frotteurism= rubbing against ppl in ___ places |
crowded |
pedophilia==sexually attracted to children
20:1 male |
. |
Causes of sexual disorders: weak BIS and strong __ drive
1. lack __ skills
2.. classical conditioning -odd stimulus + masturbation |
sex |
Sex disorders treatments: are effective in __% cases
1. Meds to lower sex drive- suppress testosterone
2. Aversion Therapy-pair shock with object of arousal
3. orgasmic reconditioning |
70. |