PSY - P 324 : FINAL EXAM
68 Cards in this Set
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Personality disorders definition
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extreme versions of personality traits
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Persnality disorers are ___ and enduring patterns of ___, thinking, & ___ that occur across a wide range of situations
LIFELONG
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stable, behavior, perception
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What do they use to diagnose Personality Disorders?
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Diagnostic interviews
MCMI
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Criteria of Personality Disorder: behavior is ___ (unchanging) and maladaptive
2. causes significant__ impairment, and significant ___
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inflexible
functional
distress
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PD's are ___% of population
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10-13%
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over _/_ diagnosed with 1 PD are diagnosed with another
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1/2
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ppl with PD rarely seek __, no ___ ___ for most PD's
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treatment,
effective treament
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DSM 3 clusters of DM's. (OEDEEAF)
Cluster A:
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A: Odd or Eccentric
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Cluster A Odd/eccentric include (sps)
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schizoid, paranoid, schizotypal
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Cluster B
((OEDEEAF)
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Dramatic, emotional, erratic.
(antisocial, borderline, narcisstic)
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Cluster C-Anxious or fearful includes
(OEDEEAF)
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Avoidant, dependent, Obsessive-compulsive
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Schizoid= detachment from ___ relationships
doesnt like to interact with others.
no emotions
LONERS
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social. appear cold.
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Paranoid (cluster a) are mistrustful, suspicious without justification.
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believe ppl are lying, cheating
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Schizotypal- (cluster a)= socially __ with odd behaviors (speech and affect) and unusual ___
they have SOCIAL ANXIETY when around people
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isolated
beliefs (special powers)
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Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD): disregard for the __, and __ of others.
LIE STEAL NO REMORSE
primarily male.
behavior can be ___
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law, rights
aggressive.
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which disorder does the DSM " causes significant subjective distress" NOT apply to ?
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ASPD antisocial personality disorder
and MANIA
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ASPD have undersousal, and seek ___. weak behavioral __ system.
may have antisocial parents, inconsisten discipline, live in violent community
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stimulation. inhibition
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Borderline Personality Disorder UNSTABLE self, dependence on others to not feel abandoned.
Feelings of ___, have __-__ relationships, mood ___,
self mutilation-cutting
Environmental- family ___ during childhood
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worthless, love-hate, swings, abuse
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Histrionic: attention seeking. need for __. female. dramatic, shifting emotions, excessive emotional expression
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approval
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Narcissistic- exaggerated sense of self-___.
Grandiosity.
lack __ for others
needs constant ___ from others.
environmental- did parents not teach them ___?
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importance
empathy
admiration (positive)
empathy?
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Avoidant PD-
social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy.
fearful of + avoid criticism, SENSITIVE + OVERREACTIVE
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dont like negative evaluation across situations
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Antisocial, borderline, histrionic + narcisstice are what cluster?
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Cluster B- Dramatic, emotional, Erratic
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What cluster are Schizoid, paranoid and Schizotypal?
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Cluster A- Odd/Eccentric
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Dependent PD= need to be taken care of, clingy, fear or __. cant make ___ on own. environmental= overprotected, early parent ___. rejection
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seperation. decisions death
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Obsessive-Compulsive PD- things need to be done the "__ __"
preoccupied with __.
NO OBSESSIVE THOUGHTS/COMPULSES
20% college students have it.
causes- ____ parents with high ___
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right-way
details
overprotective,
expectations
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Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive/compulsiveare under what cluster?
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cluster C- anxious/fearful
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4 reasons ppl engage in self injurious behavior: (PECC)
1. Punishment
2. Emotional release
3. feel in Control
4. Communicate
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PECC
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punishment
emotional release
communication
in control
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Freud classified Somatoform & Dissociative as Hysterical Neurosis
Hysterica=____ behavior of women
Neurosis=anxiety from unconscious conflicts
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dramatic
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what common feature do Somatoform and Diss have?
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Underlying anxiety
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personal not actively aware of the anxiety in soma/diss. the anxiety gets changed into a ___
*symptoms a way of excaping anxiety without being aware of it.
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symptom
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n Diss, split from __ of the anxiety-provoking stimulus from consciousness
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memory
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Dissociative disorders: group of mental disorders characterized by disturbance in __, memory, consciousness.
forget anxiety, and their ___
its assumed that a traumatic event precipitated
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identity, self/personality
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DID=__population, 75-90% adult women. Must have at least __ distinct personalities.
1. early __ abuse
2. easily ___
3. often goes with ___ PD-what overlaps? lack core __
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1%, sexual
hypnotized
borderline
self. Difficulty regulating emotion, often abused.
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Risk factors for DID
1. experiencing ___trauma before age 9
2. vulnerability-self hypnosis
3. create personalities under times of ___
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abusive
stress
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Treatment of DID
1. Make them ___ of problem
2. Get personalites to __ (hypnosis)
3. explain why it developed-made sense as a child, now they are strong enough to deal
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aware
meet
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Depersonalization Disorder= feel like detached from one's body. feel like you're observing your life
feel like ___ from their body
ALSO HAVE IN PANIC
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Detached
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Dissociatie
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Dissociative Amnesia= no physical trauma, but have memory loss
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.
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Dissociative Fugue= 1/more episoes of travel from home. cant remember past life
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Somatoform Disorder-physical __ without a physical ___
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symptoms, cause
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Malingering=___ symptoms. symptoms are under their control-to get out of something
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faking
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Factitious Disorder=making symptoms happen to get ___. Muchausens syndrome by proxy.-making kid sick.
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attention
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Somatoform must distinguish from a Real Physical illness, psychosomatic, facticious, and malingering
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..
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psychosomatic=real physical ___, made worse by ___. ex-ulcer
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problem, stress
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Somatoform-Hypochondriasis= fear of having serious __ (misinterpret body __)
2. even with medical reassurance they dont have anything, still fear
3. impairment in ___ & distress
4. duration of __ months
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disease. symptoms. functioning. 6
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Hypochondriasis= overlaps with __, Anxiety & Depression
4-9% of patients have it
EQUAL
CHRONIC
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OCD
men & women
CHRONIC
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Hypochondirasis- causes-
1. exposure to __as child
2. experience stressful __ __
3. Primary gains= reduces __
Secondary gains= get out of things bc are sick
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illness
life events
anxiety
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Conversion Disorder (soma)=blindness for no reason, paralysis
more common in __
Rare
cant be explained
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women
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BDD-(somat)
1. preoccupation with imagine__ in appearnace
2. gender more ___
3. goes with ___, depression, anxiety
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women, OCD
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how do you tell if the parent is causing the Munchousen/facticious in their children?
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separate them from each other and see if they still have symptoms
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Sex-normal for DSM is 2 ___ adults
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consenting
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Sexual Dysfunctions- trouble engaging in & sexual relationships with others.
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Sexual Desire disorder=lack of __ for sex with partner
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desire
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Sexual Arousal Disorders-no arousal when __
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stimulated
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Orgasmic disorders and Sexual Pain disorders=pain during intercourse
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Paraphilia = sexual __ occurs to inapprpriate objects and ___ (kids)
NOT CONSENTING ADULTS
MALE MALE MALE
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arousal
ppl
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why Paraphilia more male-
1. easier for them to masturbate
2. turned on __ easier
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visually
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Nonhuman objects
Fetishism=shoes, hard/soft things, parts of the ___.
Developed through classical conditioning-if masturbate in shoe closet-have link to shoes and sex
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body
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Transvestism=sexaullly aroused by dressing in __ ___.
always ___ men.
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womens clothing
straight
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Sadism=CAUSE ____
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PAIN
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Masochism=RECEIVE ___
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pain
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non-consenting adults-
Voyerism=WATCHING ppl have sex/undressing
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.
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non-consenting adults-
exhibitionism-get sexually arounsed by STREAKing.
arousal from victim's ___, disgust
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surprise/fear
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non consenting adult
Frotteurism= rubbing against ppl in ___ places
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crowded
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pedophilia==sexually attracted to children
20:1 male
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Causes of sexual disorders: weak BIS and strong __ drive
1. lack __ skills
2.. classical conditioning -odd stimulus + masturbation
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sex
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Sex disorders treatments: are effective in __% cases
1. Meds to lower sex drive- suppress testosterone
2. Aversion Therapy-pair shock with object of arousal
3. orgasmic reconditioning
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70.
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Final Study Guide