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COMM 316: Exam 2
West influenced by
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Greeks (terms of similiarity)
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East influenced by
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Confucian notions of holism, harmony, and fluctuation (terms of relationships)
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Human Information Processing
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Stage 1: Input/Sensation
Stage 2: Storage/Memory
Stage 3: Recall/Retrieval
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Stage 1: Input/Sensation
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raw info. is taken in through the senses call perception.
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Perceptual Filters
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Physiological, sociological, and psychological.
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Physiological filters
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natural differences between people's senses
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Sociological filters
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based on group memberships an demographics
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Psychological filters
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attitudes, beliefs, and dispositions
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Westerners are more likely to lose_______ as they age than Africans
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Hearing
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Stage 2: Storage/Memory
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Mainting information over time, short term and long term, once information is sensed it is then processed
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Short Term member
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7 +- 2 or working memory
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Long term
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duration of storage, may be held for a lifetime
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Episodic long term memory
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pertaining to the unique experiences of the individual
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Semantic long term memory
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concepts, language, etc.
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Procedural memory
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riding a bike, sending an email, etc
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Stage 3: Recall/Retrieval
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essential or else memory is useless
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interference
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occurs when other information intrudes on stored information
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Low Competence & Low warmth
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Contempt (out-group)
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Low Competence & High Warmth
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Pity (paternal stereotype)
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High competence & Low Warmth
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Admiration (envious stereotype)
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High competence & high warmth
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Pride (in-group)
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High warmth
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active facilitation
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Low Warmth
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Active harm
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High competence
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Passive facilitation
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low competence
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passive harm
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Membership groups: Voluntary
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Religion, occupation, political party
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membership groups: involuntary
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age, race, sex
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nonmembership groups: voluntary
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eligible but choose not to join
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nonmembership groups: involuntary
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want to join but cannot due to qualifications
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reference group
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may or may not belong but with which we identify in some important way
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Dimensions of Cross Cultural Role Variation
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Personableness, Formality, Hierarchy, Deviation
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Social Stratification
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Rank ordering of roles within a group
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Brahmins
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Priests/Seers with spiritual powers
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Kshatriyas
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Warriors and Rulers
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Vaisyas
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Merchants
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Sudras
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Serve the needs to top three tiers
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Patriarchal
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Father or eldest male is the head of the family
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Matriarchal
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equality and need based, lineage is traced through female line
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Nuclear family
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low context, individualistic, low power distance cultures
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Extended family
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high context, collectivistic, and high power distance cultures
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Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
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agrees that language and though are tightly related, humans think in language
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syntax/grammer
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rules of language
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inflected syntax
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add endings to words, in order to determine the actor and the object
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Nonverbal primacy
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when two messages are contradictory
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Kinesics
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body movements
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hand gestures that have a direct literal vernal translation "the bird"
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hand gestures that have a direct literal vernal translation "the bird"
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illustrators
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hand and arm movements that accompany speech or function to accent or complement what is being said. "peace sign"
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Occulesics
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eye behaviors
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paralanguage
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vocalics everything about voice except the words
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proxemics
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perception and use of space
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haptics
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use of touch
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olfactics
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sense smell
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