View
- Term
- Definition
- Both Sides
Study
- All (27)
Shortcut Show
Next
Prev
Flip
HIST 105: FINAL EXAM
3 models of interaction |
columbian exchange; conquest; holocaust |
conquest model |
favors the side of the Europeans |
encounter/columbian exchange model |
there was give and take between each sides and an exchange of cultures and crops |
holocaust model |
the Indians were violently murdered, compares the situation to that of the Holocaust |
jamestown |
The Jamestown Settlement Colony was the first successful English settlement on the mainland of North America; was saved by the tobacco crop |
puritans |
members of a reformed Protestant sect in Europe and America that insisted on removing all vestiges of Catholicism from popular religious practice |
what did the puritans believe? |
they accepted the notion that an omnipotent God predestined some people to salvation and damned others throughout eternity |
puritan paradox |
live in the world, but don't enjoy it |
why did the puritans create a colony in massachusetts bay? |
to create a utopia ("city on a hill") for their people in order to reform the church and get away from corruption |
bacon's rebellion |
led by Nathaniel Bacon, a wealthy planter in 1676 who attempted to obtain a license in the fur trade but was rebuffed because the lucrative commerce was reserved for the governor's friends; he was chiefly interested in gaining a larger share of the lucrative trade. |
popular sovereignty |
the concept that the vote lies with the people; later, it meant that the people of a western territory can decide for themselves whether or not slavery is legal |
Articles of the Confederation |
ratified in 1781; this document was the US's first constitution; providing a framework for national government |
what was the structure of the govt. under the articles? |
single legislative body, consisting of representatives elected annually by the state legislatures. each state possessed a single vote in Congress. no independent executive; no vetos. |
how were amendments to the AoC determined? |
unanimously voted on by all thirteen states |
what two important powers were denied by the AoC? |
the power to tax and the power to declare war |
how could the national government obtain funds? |
asking the state for contributions, called requisitions; obviously, none of the states complied |
Shay's Rebellion |
western Massachusetts; intended to prevent state courts from foreclosing on debtors unable to pay their own taxes, the rebellion was put down by the state militia; nationalists used the event to justify the calling of a constitutional convention to strengthen the national government |
Philadelphia Convention |
a convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that came together in order to address problems that the country was having under the Articles of the Confederation |
Virginia Plan |
strong central government; bicameral legislature with both houses having reps proportional to the state's population |
New Jersey Plan |
unicameral legislature (gives Congress powers to tax and regulate trade); each state has equal representation |
connecticut compromise |
compromised with having an executive; a bicameral legislature with one house from the Virginia Plan and one house from the New Jersey |
Judicial Review |
established in marbury vs. madison; says that the Supreme Court can determine whether or not something is unconstitutional |
republic |
concept that ultimate political authority is vested in the citizens of the nation; dependent on the civic virtue of its citizens to preserve the nation from corruption and moral decay |
Hamilton's Economic Plan |
fund the debt; 2) 1st bank of the united states; 3) assume the state's debts |
social deference |
prior to the American revolution the lower class defers to the upper class; afterwards there was an equalizing factor and a move away from it. first step in the social revolution |
natural rights |
religion, speech, and freedom of the press; protected citizens from unlawful searches and seizures; upheld trial by jury |
Federalists |
supporters of the Constitution who advocated its ratification; envisoned a strong central nationalized government |