HIST 2111: Exam 1
89 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
|
Crown
|
the part of the tooth covered with enamel
|
|
Root
|
the portion of a tooth embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum
|
|
Cementum
|
Layer of bonelike tissue covering the root of the tooth
|
|
Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ)
|
Junction of enamel of the crown and cementum of the root. Forms the cervical line around the tooth
|
|
Gingiva
|
Part of the gum tissue that immediately surrounds the teeth and alveolar bone
|
|
Anatomic Crown
|
The whole crown of the tooth that is covered by enamel, regardless of whether it is erupted
|
|
Clinical Crown
|
The part of the crown that is seen above the gingiva
|
|
Clinical Root
|
Unerupted portion of the tooth
|
|
Eruption
|
The moving of the tooth through its surrounding tissues so that the clinical crown gradually appears longer
|
|
Bi/trifurcation
|
Division of the root portion into 2 or 3 segments
|
|
Apex
|
Terminal end of the root
|
|
Dental Arch
|
All the teeth in either the maxillary or mandibular jaw that form an arch.
|
|
Alveolar Process
|
The portion of the jaw that supports the teeth.
|
|
Alveolus
|
Bony socket in which the tooth fits.
|
|
Maxillary
|
Teeth in the upper part of the jaw.
|
|
Mandibular
|
Teeth in the lower part of the jaw.
|
|
Enamel
|
Forms the outer surface of the crown. Hardest tissue of the teeth.
|
|
Chemical composition of enamel
|
96% inorganic and 4% organic matter and water
|
|
Dentin
|
Forms the main portion or body of the tooth; hard, dense, calcified tissue located beneath the enamel
|
|
Composition of dentin
|
70% inorganic and 30% organic matter and water
|
|
Secondary Dentin
|
Dentin formed throughout the pulp chamber and pulp canal from the time of eruption
|
|
Reparative Dentin
|
Dentin that is laid down in response to caries or trauma.
|
|
Cementum
|
Bonelike substance that covers the root; provides a medium for the attachment of the tooth to the alveolar bone
|
|
Chemical composition of cementum
|
45-50% inorganic and 50-55% organic matter
|
|
Dentinocemental Junction
|
The union of cementum and dentin
|
|
Cellular Cementum
|
Cementum in which cells are trapped
|
|
Acellular Cementum
|
Covers the entire anatomical root; no cells are trapped
|
|
Cementoblasts
|
The cells that produce cementum
|
|
Pulp
|
the nourishing, sensory, and dentin-reparative system of the tooth; composed of blood vessels, lymph vessels, connective tissue, nerve tissue, and odontoblasts.
|
|
Pulp Cavity
|
Entire cavity within the tooth, including the pulp canal and pulp chamber.
|
|
Pulp Chamber
|
Cavity or chamber in the center of the crown of a tooth that normally contains the major portion of the dental pulp.
|
|
Pulp Canal
|
Canal in the root of a tooth that leads from the apex to the pulp chamber. Usually contains dental pulp tissue
|
|
Incisors
|
designed to cut with a biting edge. The lingual surface is shaped like a shovel
|
|
Canines
|
Designed to function as holding or grasping teeth. Also function to protect the jaw during side jaw movements. Longest roots of any teeth
|
|
Premolars
|
Usually have 2 cusps. Aid in holding food, but also assist in grinding the food. Also called bicuspids
|
|
Molars
|
Usually have 4 or more cusps. Located posterior to the premolars. Function is to chew and grind up food
|
|
Anterior Teeth
|
Central and lateral incisors; canines.
|
|
Posterior Teeth
|
Premolars and molars.
|
|
Lingual Surface
|
The surface of the tooth that faces the tongue.
|
|
Facial Surface
|
General term for surface of the tooth that faces the lips or cheeks
|
|
Labial Surface
|
Specific term for surface of the tooth that faces the lip
|
|
Buccal Surface
|
Surface of the tooth that faces the cheek
|
|
Proximal Surface
|
Surface of a tooth that faces the neighboring tooth's surface in the same arch
|
|
Mesial Proximal Surface
|
Closest to the midline of the face
|
|
Distal Proximal Surface
|
Faces away from the midline of the face.
|
|
Occlusal Surface
|
Biting surface of the tooth
|
|
Incisal Ridge
|
Biting edge of incisors
|
|
Line Angle
|
Separates two surfaces of a tooth by forming the junction of the two surfaces
|
|
Point Angle
|
The point at which three surfaces meet
|
|
Lobe
|
Part of a tooth formed by any one of the major developing centers that begin the calcification of the tooth.
|
|
Developmental Grooves
|
The shallow lines that separate primary parts of the crown or root
|
|
Cingulum
|
Lingual lobe of anterior teeth
|
|
Cusp
|
A mound on the crown portion of the tooth that makes up a major division of its occlusal or incisal surface
|
|
Triangular Ridges
|
Main ridges on each cusp that run from the tip of the cusp to the central part of the occlusal surface
|
|
Transverse Ridge
|
Union of two triangular ridges that cross the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth.
|
|
Periodontium
|
Supporting structures around the teeth
|
|
Alignment
|
The position of teeth in the jaw
|
|
Proximal Contact Areas
|
Areas on the surface of the teeth where the proximal surfaces touch one another
|
|
Contact Point
|
Where the occlusal cusp of one tooth touches the occlusal portion of another tooth on the opposing arch
|
|
Interproximal Spaces
|
Triangular-shaped spaces between the teeth formed by the bone on one side and the proximal surfaces and their contact area on the other; filled with gingival tissue
|
|
Interdental Space
|
Space between the teeth
|
|
Cervical Embrasure
|
Embrasure or spillway located cervical to the contact area of the teeth
|
|
Buccal Embrasure
|
Space buccal to the contact area
|
|
Lingual Embrasure
|
Space lingual to the contact area
|
|
Purposes of Embrasures
|
- allow food to be shunted away from contact areas
- reduce forces of occlusal trauma
- self-cleaning
- permit slight stimulation to the gingiva and protects gingiva
|
|
Free Gingiva
|
Gingiva that forms the gingival sulcus
|
|
Open Contacts
|
Space between adjacent teeth in the same arch; an interproximal opening
|
|
Recession
|
Migration of the gingival crest in an apical direction, away from the crown of the tooth
|
|
Overhanging Restoration
|
Excess of filling material extending past the confines of the tooth preparation
|
|
Deciduous
|
Baby teeth
|
|
Secondary Dentition
|
32 permanent teeth
|
|
Succandaneous Teeth
|
Permanent teeth that replace or succeed the deciduous teeth
|
|
Nonsuccedaneous Teeth
|
Do not have precessors and do not replace any deciduous teeth
|
|
Mixed Dentition
|
Comprises some permanent and some deciduous teeth
|
|
Universal System
|
Uses numbers 1-32 for permanent teeth and letters A-T for primary teeth
|
|
Palmer Notation System
|
System of coding the teeth using brackets, numbers and letters
|
|
Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI)
|
Each tooth is given a two-digit number, according to quadrant and which tooth it is
|
|
Tooth Germs
|
Tiny tooth buds located in the alveolar process
|
|
Calcification
|
The hardening of the tooth tissues by the deposition of mineral salts within these tissues
|
|
Coalescence
|
Fusion of developmental lobes
|
|
Mamelon
|
One of the three rounded protuberances of the incisal surface of a newly erupted incisor tooth
|
|
Exfoliation
|
Process by which the roots of a baby tooth are resorbed and dissolved and the baby tooth falls out
|
|
Resorption
|
Osteoclasts destroy the root of a baby tooth as a permanent tooth erupts
|
|
Impacted
|
Those teeth that do not completely erupt, but remain embedded in bone or soft tissue
|
|
Congenitally Missing Tooth
|
A tooth that never forms because a tooth bud was never produced
|
|
Attrition
|
Process of normal wear on the crown
|
|
Occlusal Plane
|
Where a tooth meets the tooth in the opposing arch
|
|
Curve of Spee
|
Curved alignment of the occlusal plane
|
|
Edentulous
|
No teeth
|
HIST 2111: Final Exam