View
- Term
- Definition
- Both Sides
Study
- All (50)
Shortcut Show
Next
Prev
Flip
CHEM 111: EXAM 1
Matter |
Is something that takes up space and has mass
|
Experiment |
i san observation of natural phenomena.
|
3 Criteria for experiments |
1. Controlled
2. Duplication
3. Conclusions can be made
|
Order of Hypothesis, Theory, Law |
1. Hypothesis
2. Theory (Why)
3. Law (How)
|
SI Base units for mass, length, time, volume, temperature |
Mass: Kilogram
Length: Meter
Time: Second
Volume: liter
Temperature: K
|
Sig Fig Rules |
all non zeros
captive zeros
never leading zeros
tailing zeros if there is a decimal point
|
Sig Figs for +/- |
Least significant decimal point
|
Sig Fig for division and multiplication |
least number of sig digits
|
Accuracy |
How close you are to the true value
|
Precision |
Reproducibility
|
Temperature |
a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles
|
Equation for Density |
D=M/V
|
Two ways to classify matter |
1. Physical Properties
2. Chemical Properties
|
Solid |
Rigid, relatively incompressible, and has a fixed shape and volume ,
|
Liquid |
Relatively incompressible fluid, has a fixed volume but no shape |
Gas |
Easy to compress fluid
|
Physical Properties |
Physical property can be observed without changing a substance into another (boiling point, density, mass etc.)
|
Chemical Property |
can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance. rusting, fire,
|
Intensive Property |
Does nto matter the amount, the property will not change IE color
|
Extensive Properties |
depends on the amount IE mass
|
Element |
A substance that cannot be decomposed by any chemical reaction into something simpler.
|
Smallest unit of an element |
atom
|
Compound |
a substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined
|
Smalled unit of compound |
molecule
|
Mixture |
A substance that can be separated by physical means (IE boiling)
|
Heterogenous Substance |
substance that is not uniform
|
Homogeneous Substance |
A substance that is uniform throughout
|
Law of the Conservation of Mass |
During a chemical reaction, matter can not be created or destroyed, only change forms.
|
Law of Definite Proportions |
A given compound always contains exactly the same proportions of elements
|
Charges of Subatomic particles and size |
biggest Neutron (no charge)
Proton (+)
Electron (-)
|
Atomic Number |
All atoms of the same element have the same about of protons, the period table is organized by this number
|
Atomic Mass |
number of protons+number of neutrons not a whole number because of isotopes
|
Isotope |
Atoms of the same element which have different numbers of neutrons
|
Molecule |
Group of atoms chemically bound together
|
Molecular Formula |
gives the exact number of atoms of elements in a molecule
|
Structural Formula |
Shows how the atoms are bonded together in a molecule
|
Ion |
electrically charged particle that has either lost or gained an electron
|
Ionic Compound |
formed from ions
|
Period/Group |
period: horizontal row
Group: vertical row
|
What elements have similar chemical properties (in relation to the period table of elements) |
IN the same group
|
1A, 2A, 7A, 8A |
1A- Alkali metals
2A Alkali earth metals
7A Halogens
8A Nobel gases
|
What charge does group 1A have |
+1
|
Where are nonmetals on the periodic table |
right side
|
Metal |
ductile, conduct, shinny
|
Nonmetal |
do not conduct, dull
|
What charge do metals have |
positive
|
Mole |
conversion factor between mas and number of atoms
|
Avogadro's Number |
6.022*10^23 atoms
|
Molar Mass |
is the mass of 1 mole of a substance
|
Empirical Formula |
Lowest whole number ratio of elements
|