41 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
|
systemic circuit
|
the branch of the circulatory system that supplies all body organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium
|
|
systole
|
contraction phase
|
|
systemic circuit
|
goes to every tissue in the body (head, arms, legs, viscera)
|
|
pulmonary circuit
|
short circuit to lungs
|
|
location of heart (what cavity and what's that cavity in)
|
pericardial cavity, mediastinum
|
|
where is it in comparison to body's midline?
|
2/3 of heart's mass is to the left of the midline of the body
|
|
where is the heart in relationship to the vertebrae?
|
opposite the 5th-9th vertebrae
|
|
superior right border
|
3rd right costal cartilage, 2 cm from midline
|
|
Left superior border of heart
|
2nd left costal cartilage, 3 cm from midline
|
|
inferior right border
|
6th right costal cartilage, 2 cm from midline
|
|
inferior left border of heart
|
5th intercostal space at midclavicular line (apex)
|
|
if it's beyond this border, the heart is enlarged
|
left 5th intercostal space, at midclavicular line
|
|
layers that make up the pericardial sac
|
fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium
|
|
Parietal Pericardium
|
The inner layer of the pericardium which secretes pericardial fluid to prevent friction.
|
|
Fibrous Pericardium
|
the most superficial layer of the heart, made up of dense connective tissue. Carries the majority of the weight of the heart.
|
|
Pericardial cavity
|
the space between the layers of the pericardium that contains fluid that lubricates the membrane surfaces and allows easy heart movement
|
|
epicardium- another name for it
|
visceral pericardium- synonym
|
|
epicardium (visceral pericardium)
|
outer surface of heart, simple squamous and loose CT
|
|
myocardium
|
cardiac muscle tissue
|
|
endocardium
|
smooth inner lining of the heart chambers and valves consists of endothelium and CT
|
|
Epicarditis
|
Caused when there is any friction between pericardial sac and epicardium
|
|
What is myocarditis?
|
inflammation of the middle muscular layer of the heart wall
|
|
endocarditis
|
inflammation of the inner (lining) of the heart
|
|
Pericarditis
|
inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart
|
|
cardiac temponade
|
acute compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity
|
|
where is the pericardial cavity
|
between the pericardial sac and the heart (btwn visceral and parietal pericardium
|
|
coronary sulcus
|
deep groove. marks border between atria and ventricles
|
|
anterior surface of heart
|
sternocostal surface
|
|
posterior surface of heart
|
diaphragmatic surface
|
|
What did the fossa ovalis used to be?
|
foramen ovale in fetal circulation
|
|
Pectinate muscles
|
Organized, comb-like muscles found in the right atrial cavity
|
|
Coronary Sinus Opening
|
For blood returning from coronary circulation
|
|
patent ductus arteriosis
|
allows blood flow from aorta to pulmonary artery. is not good!
|
|
Patent Foramen Ovale
|
Foramen fails to close completely in the heart, resulting in a heart murmur; blue discoloration of lips, skin, nail beds (cyanosis)
|
|
mitral valve prolapse
|
valve doesn't close properly, can cause regurgitation and a heart murmur
|
|
do coronary arteries fill during systole or diastole?
|
diastole (relaxation)
|
|
atrial contraction at what part of EKG?
|
p wave
|
|
place where sa node fires
|
p wave
|
|
qrs complex
|
ventricles contract at this place in EKG
|
|
repolarization of the ventricles (ventricles return to resting state)
|
t wave
|
|
Repolarization of atria
|
obscured by the QRS complex
|
HSC 214: HEART