40 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
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Observation
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what happens
Laws
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Interpretation
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Why it happens
Theories
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Atomic Molecular Model
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1.) All matter is made of atoms
2.) Atoms are mostly open space
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Chemistry
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Study of matter and its changes
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Atom
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smallest part of an element that is still that element
(fundamental unit)
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Molecule
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Two or more atoms joined together and acting as a unit
(element or compound)
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Atomic Element
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Single atoms of the element
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Molecular Element
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Molecules of the same element
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Compound
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2 or more different elements acting as a unit
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Physical Change/ Reaction
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Change in one or more physical properties but NO change in fundamental components
Changes in state or form
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Chemical Change
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Change in fundamental components of the substance
Create something new
Chemical changes are called reactions
Change in color
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Mixture
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Variable change
Can be separated
Ex: soil, salad
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Pure Substance
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Always have the same composition
Ex: H2O, element
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Homogeneous Mixture
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Same throughout
|
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Heterogeneous Mixture
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Regions that have different properties
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Types of Separation
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Dissolution
Filtration
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Dalton's Theory
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1.) All matter is made up of atoms
2.) Atoms of the same element are the same
3.) Atoms are indestructible. Can only be rearranged.
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Dalton's Theory Explains...
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1.) Table of masses on P.T.
2.) Microscopic Picture of the Universe
3.) Gases
4.) Reactions
5.) Law of Multiple Proportions or definite Proportions
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What does the number of protons tell you?
|
- Identifies the element
- Gives the number of electrons in a nuetral atom
- Tells the atomic #
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Avogadro's Number
|
6.022x1023
|
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Imperical Formula
|
The simplest formula
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Molecular Formula
|
Real or actual formula
|
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Ionic Compound
|
Metals in them
Are always in empirical formula
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What is Sublime?
|
When a substance goes from solid straight to a gas
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Volume vs. Moles
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Direct relationship
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Pressure vs. Moles
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Direct Relationship
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Pressure vs. Volume
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Indirect Relationship
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Volume vs. Temperature
|
Direct Relationship
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Pressure vs. Temperature
|
Direct Relationship
|
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Boyle's Law
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P1V1= P2V2
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Charle's Law
|
V1/T1=V2/T2
|
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What is absolute zero?
|
-273 degrees Celsius
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Kinetic Molecular Theory
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1.) Gasses are made of particles in constant random motion
2.) Temperature is a measure of random kinetic energy
3.) Pressure is due to collisions of gas particles with the container
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Kinetic Molecular Theory Assumptions
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1.) Assume that gas particles exert no attractive forces (elastic collisions)
2.) Assume the volume of the gas particles is negligible
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Physical Properties
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Odor, color, volume, state, density, melting and boiling points
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Chemical Properties
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Ability to form new substances
Ex: Burning wood, rusting of steel, digestion of food
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Isotopes
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Same number of protons but different number of neutrons
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Atomic Number
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Number of protons
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Mass Number
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Sum of neutrons and protons
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How to find number of nuetrons?
|
Mass # - Atomic #
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CHEM 101: Exam 1