40 Cards in this Set
Front | Back |
---|---|
Observation
|
what happens
Laws
|
Interpretation
|
Why it happens
Theories
|
Atomic Molecular Model
|
1.) All matter is made of atoms
2.) Atoms are mostly open space
|
Chemistry
|
Study of matter and its changes
|
Atom
|
smallest part of an element that is still that element
(fundamental unit)
|
Molecule
|
Two or more atoms joined together and acting as a unit
(element or compound)
|
Atomic Element
|
Single atoms of the element
|
Molecular Element
|
Molecules of the same element
|
Compound
|
2 or more different elements acting as a unit
|
Physical Change/ Reaction
|
Change in one or more physical properties but NO change in fundamental components
Changes in state or form
|
Chemical Change
|
Change in fundamental components of the substance
Create something new
Chemical changes are called reactions
Change in color
|
Mixture
|
Variable change
Can be separated
Ex: soil, salad
|
Pure Substance
|
Always have the same composition
Ex: H2O, element
|
Homogeneous Mixture
|
Same throughout
|
Heterogeneous Mixture
|
Regions that have different properties
|
Types of Separation
|
Dissolution
Filtration
|
Dalton's Theory
|
1.) All matter is made up of atoms
2.) Atoms of the same element are the same
3.) Atoms are indestructible. Can only be rearranged.
|
Dalton's Theory Explains...
|
1.) Table of masses on P.T.
2.) Microscopic Picture of the Universe
3.) Gases
4.) Reactions
5.) Law of Multiple Proportions or definite Proportions
|
What does the number of protons tell you?
|
- Identifies the element
- Gives the number of electrons in a nuetral atom
- Tells the atomic #
|
Avogadro's Number
|
6.022x1023
|
Imperical Formula
|
The simplest formula
|
Molecular Formula
|
Real or actual formula
|
Ionic Compound
|
Metals in them
Are always in empirical formula
|
What is Sublime?
|
When a substance goes from solid straight to a gas
|
Volume vs. Moles
|
Direct relationship
|
Pressure vs. Moles
|
Direct Relationship
|
Pressure vs. Volume
|
Indirect Relationship
|
Volume vs. Temperature
|
Direct Relationship
|
Pressure vs. Temperature
|
Direct Relationship
|
Boyle's Law
|
P1V1= P2V2
|
Charle's Law
|
V1/T1=V2/T2
|
What is absolute zero?
|
-273 degrees Celsius
|
Kinetic Molecular Theory
|
1.) Gasses are made of particles in constant random motion
2.) Temperature is a measure of random kinetic energy
3.) Pressure is due to collisions of gas particles with the container
|
Kinetic Molecular Theory Assumptions
|
1.) Assume that gas particles exert no attractive forces (elastic collisions)
2.) Assume the volume of the gas particles is negligible
|
Physical Properties
|
Odor, color, volume, state, density, melting and boiling points
|
Chemical Properties
|
Ability to form new substances
Ex: Burning wood, rusting of steel, digestion of food
|
Isotopes
|
Same number of protons but different number of neutrons
|
Atomic Number
|
Number of protons
|
Mass Number
|
Sum of neutrons and protons
|
How to find number of nuetrons?
|
Mass # - Atomic #
|